需要理论视域下《灿烂千阳》女性精神困境与突围

Women’s Spiritual Dilemma and Breakthrough in A Thousand Splendid Suns from the Perspective of Need Theory

运用马斯洛需要理论探讨小说《灿烂千阳》中两位阿富汗女性玛丽雅姆和莱拉在原生家庭与婚姻家庭中的精神困境与突围状况,解析两位本是情敌的女性相互支持包容的内在动机,得出结论:两位女性的精神困境表现在人生不同阶段各自内在需要不同程度的匮乏状态,她们在不断的反抗突围中,在精神上相互扶持,从彼此身上获取匮乏性需要得到满足后的幸福感。呼吁国际社会关注处于社会底层的阿富汗女性心理状态,在不干涉阿富汗内政以及民族传统的基础上,逐步撼动阿富汗社会对女性固有的、不平等的压榨规则,促使她们获取平等权益,像男性一样拥有自我实现的可能性。

By using Maslow’s needs theory, this paper discusses the spiritual dilemma and breakthrough situation of the two Afghan women, Mariam and Laila, in the novel A Thousand Splendid Suns. It analyzes the internal motivation of mutual support and tolerance of the two women who are originally rivals in love. It is concluded that the spiritual dilemma of the two women is reflected in the lack of different degrees of their internal needs at different stages of their life. In the continuous resistance and breakthrough, they support each other in spirit and obtain the happiness after the lack needs are met from each other. This paper calls on the international community to pay attention to the psychological state of Afghan women at the bottom of society. Through gradually shaking the inherent and unequal squeezing rules of Afghan society against women on the basis of non-interference in Afghanistan’s internal affairs and national traditions, it is expected to promote Afghan women to obtain equal rights and have the possibility of self realization like men.