冷酷无情特质与初中生校园欺凌行为的关系:一个有调节的中介模型

The Relationship between Callous-unemotional Traits and School Bullying of Junior High School Students:A Moderated Mediation Model

为考察冷酷无情特质与初中生校园欺凌行为的关系,探讨道德推脱和内疚是否在冷酷无情特质与欺凌行为之间起中介作用,以及这个中介过程是否受班级氛围的调节,本研究采用整群抽样法,以522名初中生为被试,采用冷酷无情特质量表、道德推脱量表、中学生内疚感量表、学生感知班级氛围量表和欺凌问卷进行调查。结果显示:(1)冷酷无情特质显著正向预测欺凌行为,道德推脱和内疚在该过程中均起部分中介作用;(2)良好的班级氛围可以降低冷酷无情特质对欺凌行为的正向预测作用,也可以通过提高内疚水平从而减少欺凌行为,亦可以抑制道德推脱对欺凌行为的诱发作用。这表明,冷酷无情特质是初中生校园欺凌行为发生的一个重要风险因子,学校教育工作者可以通过营造良好的班级氛围和干预高冷酷无情特质学生的道德认知以减少其欺凌行为的发生。

In order to examine the relationship between callous-unemotional traits of junior high school students and bullying behaviors,the current study explored whether moral disengagement and guilt played the mediating roles,and whether this mediation process was moderated by the class climate.Taking 522 junior high school students as participants by cluster sampling method,the current study was conducted using the Callous-unemotional Traits Scale,the Moral Disengagement Scale,the Middle School Students’ Guilt Feeling Scale,the Perceived Classroom Climate Scale,and the Bullying Questionnaire.Results indicated that:(1) The callous-unemotional Traits significantly positively predicted bullying.Moral disengagement and guilt both played a part of the mediating role in the process;(2) A good class climate could reduce the positive predictive effect of the callous-unemotional trait on bullying behaviors,and increase the level of guilt to reduce bullying behaviors,and could also inhibit the inducing effect of moral disengagement on bullying behaviors.These results confirmed that callous-unemotional traits were important risk factors for bullying behavior in junior high school students,and suggested that school educators could reduce the incidence of bullying behaviors by creating a good class climate and changing the moral cognition of students with high callous-unemotional trait.