芳纶Ⅲ无纬布在柔性防弹衣中的应用

Application of aramidⅢunidirectional cloth in soft body armour

为了研制轻量化、舒适以及人机工效性好的防弹织物,从提升柔性防弹衣的防弹性能入手,通过对2层芳纶Ⅲ无纬布靶板、4层芳纶Ⅲ无纬布靶板、芳纶Ⅲ机织物靶板、2层芳纶Ⅱ无纬布靶板和4层芳纶Ⅱ无纬布靶板5种防弹材料进行弹道冲击试验,从弹道极限V 50值、比吸能值、凹陷深度及弹着点形貌4个方面进行对比分析,在此基础上对4层芳纶Ⅲ无纬布靶板进行结构优化。结果表明:当面密度相近时,4层纤维铺层材料的防弹性能比2层纤维材料的好;4层芳纶Ⅲ无纬布靶板的防弹性能最好;无纬布在受到弹道冲击时应力集中显著,纤维以剪切断裂为主要损伤模式;机织物在受到弹道冲击时,主要以拉伸断裂为主要损伤模式;将芳纶Ⅲ机织物放置于靶板迎弹面一侧、4层芳纶Ⅲ无纬布放置于贴身面一侧的结构有利于提升复合型防弹材料的防弹性能;当芳纶Ⅲ机织物与4层芳纶Ⅲ无纬布的质量比为1∶3时,其防弹性能最好。

In order to develop bulletproof fabrics with light weight,comfort and good ergonomics to meet China′s military needs,the improvement of bulletproof performance of flexible body armor was studied,and the ballistic impact tests were carried on five kinds of bulletproof materials:two-layer aramidⅢunidirectional cloth target plate,four-layer aramidⅢunidirectional cloth target plate,aramidⅢwoven fabric target plate,two-layer aramid II unidirectional cloth target plate and four-layer aramid II unidirectional cloth target plate.The ballistic limit V 50 value,specific energy absorption value,depression depth and impact point morphology were compared and analyzed.The results show that when the area density is similar,the bulletproof performance of four-layer fiber orthogonal(0°/90°)material is better than that of two-layer fiber material;The four layer aramidⅢunidirectional cloth target has the best bulletproof performance;The main damage mode of nonwovens is fiber shear fracture;The woven fabric is mainly tensile fracture.When the aramidⅢwoven fabric is placed on the side of the target plate facing the bullet,and the four layer aramidⅢunidirectional cloth is placed on the side of the close fitting face,it will be beneficial to improve the bulletproof performance of compound bulletproof material.When the mass ratio between aramidⅢwoven fabric and 4 layers of aramidⅢunidirectional cloth is 1∶3,the bulletproof performance is the best.