超低温改性对对位芳纶纤维性能的影响

Influences of ultra-low temperature modification on the properties of aramid fiber

为探讨超低温改性对对位芳纶纤维物化与染色性能的影响,利用液氮对对位芳纶纤维进行超低温处理,并在室温下自然回温。利用扫描电镜、黏度法、X射线衍射仪、纤维强伸度仪、纤维摩擦因数仪与染色机,分别测试处理纤维的物化和染色性能。测试表明,对位芳纶纤维经超低温处理后,纤维的聚合度、分子量、特性黏度、结晶度、晶粒尺寸和断裂强力均有不同程度的下降;纤维表面动与静摩擦因数有不同程度的升高;同时,结晶度的下降,纤维表面出现坑穴,呈现粗糙化,使得无定形比例与比表面积增加,提高了纤维对染料的吸附性能,改善了对位芳纶纤维的染色性能。

The para aramid fibers were treated with liquid nitrogen at ultra-low temperature and warmed at room temperature.The physicochemical and dyeing properties of the treated fibers were tested by scanning electron microscope,viscosity,X-ray diffraction,fiber strength and extensibility meter,fiber friction coefficient meter and dyeing machine to study influence of the aramid fibers physical and chemical properties and dyeing properties by ultra-low temperature modification.The results show that the polymerization degree,molecular weight,characteristic viscosity,crystallinity,grain size and breaking strength of para-aramid fibers are decreased by ultra-low temperature treatment.The dynamic and static friction coefficient of fiber surface increased in different degrees.At the same time,the decrease of crystallinity and the appearance of pits on the fiber surface,showing roughness,resulting in the increase of amorphous proportion and specific surface area,improving the adsorption performance of the fiber to dyes,and improving the dyeing performance of the para-aramid fiber.