薰衣草芳香疗法对术后急性疼痛效果的Meta分析

Meta-analysis of the Effect of Lavender Aromatherapy on Postoperative Acute Pain

目的评价薰衣草芳香疗法对成人术后急性疼痛的效果。方法计算机检索PubMed、EMbase、Cochrane、Web of Science、Scopus、知网、维普、万方和中国生物医学文献数据库,检索时限为建库至2021年4月13日,收集薰衣草芳香疗法应用于成人术后疼痛的随机对照试验(RCT),评价和提取资料后,采用RevMan5.3软件进行分析。结果共纳入11项RCT,共计781例患者。Meta分析显示,试验组疼痛缓解程度优于对照组,差异有统计学意义[SMD=-0.65,95%CI(-1.27,-0.03),P=0.04];且亚组分析显示,两组干预后5 min、5 min~1 h疼痛缓解程度比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组干预后2~6 h、7~24 h疼痛缓解程度比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。试验组术后镇痛药使用率低于对照组[RR=0.61,95%CI(0.48,0.78),P<0.0001]。结论薰衣草芳香疗法用于镇痛起效速度较快且安全性良好,能减少一定的镇痛剂需求量,可以作为缓解成人术后急性疼痛的补充替代疗法,但需要开展更多设计严谨的大样本临床研究,以期为临床提供更可靠的数据指导。

Objective To evaluate the effect of lavender aromatherapy on acute postoperative pain in adults.Methods PubMed,EMbase,Cochrane,Web of Science,Scopus,CNIT,VIP,Wanfang and China Biomedical literature databases were searched by computer from establishment to April 13,2021.Randomized controlled trials(RCTs)of lavender aromatherapy for postoperative pain in adults were collected.After evaluation and extraction of data,RevMan5.3 software was used for analysis.Results A total of 11 RCTs involving 781 patients were included.Meta-analysis showed that the degree of pain relief in the experimental group was better than that in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant[SMD=-0.65,95%CI(-1.27,-0.03),P=0.04].Subgroup analysis showed that there was significant difference in pain relief between the two groups at 5 min and 5 min-1 h after intervention(P<0.05),while there was no significant difference in pain relief between the two groups at 2-6 h and 7-24 h after intervention(P>0.05).The postoperative analgesic use rate in the experimental group was lower than that in the control group[RR=0.61,95%CI(0.48,0.78),P<0.0001].Conclusion Lavender aromatherapy has a fast onset of analgesia and good safety,can reduce the demand for analgesics,and can be used as a complementary alternative therapy to relieve acute pain in adults after surgery.However,more carefully designed large-sample clinical studies are needed to provide more reliable data guidance for clinical practice.