用于电解水制氢的单原子催化剂研究综述

Review on single atom catalysts for hydrogen production from water electrolysis

社会的快速发展使人类对能源的需求不断增加,电解水制氢技术因极具优势而成为热门研究领域。合理设计电解水催化剂使之稳定实现高效、高选择性的催化活性是该领域的核心问题之一。贵金属铂(Pt)族元素是一类电催化制氢活性最高的金属,是析氢反应(HER)催化剂的最理想选择,但价格昂贵使其难以规模化应用;单原子催化剂(SACs)可以减少贵金属的负载量,提高贵金属的原子利用率,可极大降低成本,具有可以实现贵金属催化剂规模化工业应用的潜力。因该领域的独特重要性,对其进行系统梳理综述,介绍适用于电解水制氢的催化剂的研究现状,特别是Pt基SACs的研究现状,展望了SACs的发展前景,为开展此类研究的科研人员和正在推进电解水制氢技术的工程人员提供参考。

The demand for energy is increasing as the society develops rapidly. Hydrogen production from water electrolysis has become a research hotspot for its prominent advantages. Rational design of water electrolysis catalysts with strong stability and high selectivity is one of the key issues of this study. The Pt group elements are a class of noble metal elements with the highest electrocatalytic activity, which makes them the ideal choice for the catalysts of hydrogen evolution reaction(HER). But their high price hinders the scale development. Single atom catalysts(SACs) can effectively reduce the loading of noble metal elements and improve their atomic utilization rate. Thus, SACs can greatly reduce the catalyst cost and facilitate the large-scale industrial application of precious metal catalysts. The status quo of catalysts for hydrogen production from water electrolysis are systematically reviewed, especially the Pt-based SACs, in view of their unique importance in chemical industry. The development of SACs is prospected, which provides a reference for researchers advancing hydrogen production from water electrolysis technology and its industrial applications.