新疆生产建设兵团维吾尔族农村居民胆结石健康教育干预效果评价

Effect of health education on gallstone disease among Uygur rural residents in Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps:evaluation on a two years intervention program

目的评价新疆生产建设兵团维吾尔族农村居民胆结石健康教育的干预效果,为该地区维吾尔族居民胆结石的预防与控制提供参考依据。方法于2019年6—7月采用随机抽样方法在新疆生产建设兵团第三师五十一团随机抽取4个连队(干预组和对照组各2个连队)在该地区居住≥1年且意识清楚能够正常沟通的≥18岁维吾尔族农村常住居民作为干预组和对照组,干预组进行为期2年的胆结石健康教育干预活动,对照组不采取胆结石健康教育措施,对干预前干预组和对照组抽取的1612人和744人及干预后抽取的799人和580人分别进行胆结石知识、态度、行为(KAP)的调查,比较2组居民干预前后胆结石KAP水平的变化情况。结果干预前干预组和对照组维吾尔族农村居民胆结石知识、态度、行为得分和KAP总分差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05);干预后干预组维吾尔族农村居民胆结石的知识、态度、行为得分和KAP总分分别为(1.53±2.21)、(0.98±1.35)、(0.52±1.08)和(3.02±4.23)分,均高于对照组维吾尔族农村居民的(0.88±1.53)、(0.61±1.04)、(0.30±0.92)和(1.79±2.89)分,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.01);干预前干预组和对照组维吾尔族农村居民胆结石知识总体知晓率、态度总体认同率和行为总体形成率差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05);干预后干预组维吾尔族农村居民胆结石知识总体知晓率、态度总体认同率和行为总体形成率分别为12.6%、14.0%和7.4%,均高于对照组维吾尔族农村居民的7.4%、8.6%和4.3%,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论胆结石健康教育可有效提高新疆生产建设兵团维吾尔族农村居民胆结石相关知识、态度和行为水平。

Objective To evaluate intervention effect of health education on gallstone disease in Uygur rural residents of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps(Xinjiang Corps),and to provide a reference for the prevention and control of gallstone disease in the population.Methods The participants of the study were adult(≥18 years)Uygur people residing at least one year in four randomly-selected rural areas(two as intervention group and two as control group)under administrative of Xinjiang Corps.A 2-year gallstone disease-related health education program(including publicity of basic knowledge,on-site consultation,dissemination of propaganda materials in Uygur and Chinese,and lectures of 30-minutes long every 3-4 months)was conducted only among the participants in intervention group.With a self-designed questionnaire on gallstone disease related knowledge,attitude and practice(KAP),two waves of face-to-face interview were performed among 1612 participants of intervention group and 744 controls before the intervention during June-July 2019and 799 intervened participants and 580 controls by the end of intervention during July-September 2021.The status and changes of KAP about gallstone disease among the participants of intervention and control groups were analyzed and compared.Results Before the intervention,there were no significant differences in total score and dimensional scores of KAP between the intervention group and the control group(all P>0.05).After the intervention,significantly higher total KAP score(3.02±4.23 vs.1.79±2.89)and scores of knowledge(1.53±2.21 vs.0.88±1.53),attitude(0.98±1.35 vs.0.61±1.04)and practice(0.52±1.08 vs.0.30±0.92)were observed among the intervened participants compared to those in the controls(all P<0.01).After the intervention,significantly higher proportions of intervened participants reported being aware of general knowledge(12.6%vs.7.4%),with appropriate attitude(14.0%vs.8.6%)and adopting healthy behaviors(7.4%vs.4.3%)about gallstone disease in comparison with the controls(all P<0.05)but there were no significant differences in the proportions between the intervention group and control group before the intervention(all P>0.05).Conclusion The health education program effectively improved the knowledge,attitude and practice about gallstone disease among rural Uygur residents in Xinjiang Corps.