中国区域生态恢复和环境治理的生态系统原理及若干学术问题

Ecosystem principles and main issues in regional ecological restoration and environmental governance in China

当代生态学是解决全球可持续发展面临的重大资源、环境和生态问题的分析手段和哲学理念。生态学在其长期发展过程中,不断汲取、融合相关学科营养,形成了与气候系统、生物系统和社会经济系统紧密联系的当代生态学及生态系统科学体系,提出的诸多生态系统原理可直接服务于区域生态恢复和环境治理等社会实践。新阶段的国家需求赋予了生态学新使命,亟需总结凝练宏观生态系统原理,应用于区域生态恢复和环境治理,促进社会经济高质量发展。本文以全球可持续发展面临的多重严峻挑战为背景,系统阐述了生态系统科学的逻辑思维和科学使命,梳理了生态恢复和环境治理的生态系统科学原理体系,讨论了中国区域生态恢复和环境治理的若干学术问题。最后强调指出,中国区域拥有多个具有全球意义的区域性宏生态系统,开展宏生态系统理论和实践研究,不仅是我国生态文明建设的迫切需要,更是生态系统科学研究的前沿阵地,有望为生态学理论发展及全球生态环境治理做出新贡献。

Modern ecology is an analytical method and philosophical concept to solve major resource,environmental and ecological issues encountered during global sustainable development.In the long-term development processes,ecology constantly absorbed and integrated knowledge from related disciplines,forms a system of modern ecology and ecosystem science that closely related to climate system,biological system and socio-economic system,and raises ecosystem principles that directly support the practices of regional ecological restoration and environmental governance.The national needs in the new stage have given ecology a new mission.It is urgently needed to summarize and condense the principles of macro-ecosystems and apply them to regional ecological restoration and environmental governance with the aim to promote the high-quality development of society and economy.Against the background of the multiple severe challenges faced by global sustainable development,we comprehensively elaborated the logics and scientific mission of ecosystem science,organized the principle system of ecosystem science related to ecological restoration and environmental governance,and discussed major academic problems in regional ecological restoration and environmental governance of China.Finally,we emphasized that China has several regional macro-ecosystems of global significances.Conducting theoretical and practical research on macro-ecosystem is not only an urgent need for the construction of ecological civilization,but also the forefront of ecosystem science research,which is expected to make new contributions to theory development of ecology,and global ecological and environmental governance.