降水氢氧稳定同位素景观图谱方法与应用

Methodology and application of precipitation isoscapes of stable hydrogen and oxygen isotopes

降水氢氧稳定同位素景观图谱将同位素示踪技术与空间视角相结合,有助于认识水体在不同区域的源汇关系,理解大气、水文和生态过程中的同位素分馏,揭示地球表层水循环的格局、过程和机制。本文回顾了降水同位素景观图谱制图数据和制图方法的发展,梳理了降水同位素景观图谱的应用领域,提出了未来的研究方向。目前降水同位素景观图谱的主要制图方法可以分为空间插值法、动力模拟法和人工智能法,尤其以前两种方法应用比较广泛,应用领域则主要涉及大气水循环、流域水循环、动植物溯源和水资源管理4个方面。未来应重视同位素观测数据的整编及数据时空代表性的评估,加强长时间序列产品的研发和不同水体之间空间关联的定量研究。

The precipitation isoscapes of stable hydrogen and oxygen isotopes combine isotope tracing technology with spatial perspective,which are useful to examine the source and sink of water in different regions,to understand the isotope fractionation in atmospheric,hydrological and ecological processes,and to reveal the pattern,process,and regime of water cycle on the earth’s surface.We reviewed the development of database and methodo-logy for precipitation isoscape mapping,summarized the application fields of precipitation isoscape,and put forward the key research directions in the future.At present,the main methods in mapping precipitation isoscapes include spatial interpolation,dynamic simulation,and artificial intelligence.In particular,the first two methods have been widely used.The applications of precipitation isoscapes can be classified into four fields including atmospheric water cycle,watershed hydrological process,animal and plant traceability,and water resources management.The future works should focus on the compilation of observed isotope data as well as the data evaluation of spatiotemporal representativeness,and pay more attention to develop the long-term products and quantitatively assess the spatial connection among various water types.