新生儿脑损伤主要生物标志物临床应用的研究进展

Progress of major biomarkers for neonatal brain injury in clinical application

随着监护、救治技术的不断进步,新生儿的病死率逐渐下降,其远期神经发育结局已成为社会和家庭关注的首要问题。围生期阶段,发育中的大脑易遭受缺氧、出血、感染和炎症等因素影响从而造成不同程度的脑细胞损伤。研究发现新生儿体液中可检测到受损的脑细胞所释放的特异性蛋白,并且与新生儿脑损伤的发生和预后相关。该文主要综述近期报道较多的脑损伤生物标志物如S100B、神经元特异性烯醇化酶和胶质纤维酸性蛋白等在不同生物样本中的表达水平以及其对脑损伤的发生和神经发育的临床预测价值。

With the continuous progress of monitoring and treatment skills,the mortality of neonates has gradually decreased,and the long-term neurodevelopmental outcome has become the primary concern of society and families.During the perinatal period,the developing brain is vulnerable to hypoxia,hemorrhage,infection and inflammation,which may cause varying degrees of brain cell damage.Studies have found that proteins released by damaged brain cells can be detected in the body fluid of neonates,which are related to the occurrence and prognosis of neonatal brain injury.This article mainly reviews the recently reported brain injury biomarkers such as S100B,neuron specific enolase(NSE)and glial fibrillary acidic protein(GFAP)in different biological samples and its clinical predictive value for the occurrence of brain injury and neurodevelopmental prognosis.