神经母细胞瘤的细胞分化和临床应用研究进展

Progress on cell differentiation and clinical application in neuroblastoma

神经母细胞瘤(neuroblastoma,NB)是儿童最常见的颅外实体瘤。NB具有高度异质性,与肿瘤组织学分类和分化状态相关,其中节细胞神经瘤代表已完全成熟和分化的NB。分化疗法通过诱导NB细胞重新分化,在不影响正常细胞和组织的情况下,减少了治疗带来的不良反应,在高危NB患者的维持治疗方面具有良好的发展前景。因此,研究影响NB细胞分化的关键分子和信号通路对于进一步明确NB的发病机制和改善预后有重要意义。该文总结了NB细胞分化相关的重要分子、信号通路和诱导分化治疗的研究进展。

Neuroblastoma(NB)is the most common extracranial solid tumor in children.It is notable for highly heterogeneous and associated with tumor histologic classification and differentiation status,with ganglioneuroma representing fully mature and differentiated NB.Differentiation therapy reduces the adverse reactions caused by treatment without affecting normal cells and tissues by inducing the redifferentiation of NB cells,and has a good development prospect in the maintenance treatment of high-risk NB patients.Therefore,studying the key molecules and signaling pathways affecting NB differentiation is significant to further clarify the pathogenesis and improve the prognosis of neuroblastoma.This article reviews the important molecules related to NB cell differentiation,signaling pathways and the research progress of differentiation induction therapy.