高校社会捐赠:概念、类型与策略优化

Social Donation to Higher Education Institutions:Concept,Type and Strategy Optimization

我国高校办学经费历来以政府财政拨款为主,难以有效解决教育经费短缺问题。社会捐赠作为办学经费有益补充,我国高校社会捐赠主要有校友捐赠、企业捐赠、财团捐赠、乡贤捐赠、网络众筹等多种类型,社会捐赠为缓解国家财政经费投入压力提供了重要资金支持,但高校社会捐赠事业缺乏相关政策支撑与专业管理制度,高校自身普遍缺乏吸引力等状况很大程度上影响了高校社会捐赠的持续良性发展。为此,完善捐赠配套政策和外部政策激励、强化筹资运行保障、推动文化环境建设以及提升自身办学声誉是新时期高校社会捐赠高质量发展的重要策略。

The purpose of this article is to investigate the funding challenges and resolutions to colleges and universities’ dependency on government financial allocation that can hardly meet the demand for the expanding education scale.It looked at the social donation,increasingly being a vital source to channel funds into higher education,which mainly involves donations from alumni,enterprises,consortium,townsmen,network crowdfunding,etc.,an important financial support to supplement university running funds and relieve the pressure of national financial allocation.It thus examined the difficulties in donations funding for the lack of policy support and professional management system and the insufficient attractiveness of colleges and universities.Therefore,it argued that it is an important strategy for the high-quality development of social donation to the higher learning institutions in the new era to improve the supporting policies for university donations,the external policy incentives,the guarantee of fundraising operation,the construction of cultural environment and the social reputation of a university.