基于生态系统服务理论的河口湿地修复研究——以泉州蓝色海湾综合整治项目为例

Study on Estuarine Wetland Restoration Based on Ecosystem Services Theory: A Case Study of Blue Bay Initiative of Quanzhou

为研究泉州蓝色海湾综合整治项目对泉州湾河口湿地修复的影响,基于生态系统服务理论,对泉州湾河口湿地区域的生态系统服务价值(ESV)评估,分析ESV在蓝湾项目实施前后的空间变化,并根据项目的实施情况对影响生态系统服务驱动力进行指认评价,探讨项目对河口湿地生态系统的影响,并识别潜在的生态系统服务驱动力。研究发现,泉州湾河口湿地区域整体EVS在2019—2022年呈上升趋势;蓝湾项目区域处于EVS上升区,水文调节、生物多样性和美学景观3项生态系统服务对该区域的ESV提升有较大贡献,验证蓝湾项目的实施对区域ESV提升有正向影响;蓝湾项目中互花米草整治、红树林生态修复、鸟类栖息地营造及海岸生态化改造等工程是研究区域生态系统服务驱动力。根据蓝湾项目的建设情况提出研究区域中潜在的生态系统服务驱动力,尝试提出优化与修复策略。

In order to understand the impact brought by the Blue Bay Initiative of Quanzhou to the Quanzhou Bay estuarine wetland restoration, based on the theory of ecosystem services, this study applied the ecosystem services value(ESV) evaluation on the area of the Quanzhou Bay estuarine wetland, and analyzed the dynamic changes of ESV before and after the implementation of the Blue Bay Initiative. According to the situation of the implementation of the Blue Bay Initiative, this study identified and evaluated the driver of changes of ecosystem services, explored the impact of the initiative on estuarine wetland ecosystems and found potential drivers of changes. The results showed that the overall EVS of the Quanzhou Bay estuarine wetland had an increasing trend from 2019to 2022;the Blue Bay Initiative of Quanzhou is located in the EVS rising region, and three ecosystem services: hydrological regulation,biodiversity and aesthetic landscape, have significant contributed to the improvement of ESV, which verified that the implementation of the Blue Bay Initiative in Quanzhou has a positive impact on the improvement of ESV;projects in the Blue Bay Initiative, including spartina alterniflora regulation, mangrove ecological restoration,bird habitat construction and coastal ecological transformation are the main drivers of changes. Based on the construction of the Blue Bay Initiative of Quanzhou, the potential drivers of changes,optimization and restoration strategies were proposed in this study.