煤液化沥青与煤焦油沥青组成结构的比较

Comparative study on composition structure of coal liquefied pitch and coal tar pitch

通过对煤液化沥青和煤焦油沥青组成结构进行对比分析,发现煤液化沥青和煤焦油沥青组成都以稠环芳烃为主,并含有O、N、S等元素杂环化合物。煤焦油沥青分子结构特征为稠环芳烃接近于迫位构型,脂肪族侧链较少且短,不存在环烷烃。相比之下,煤液化沥青相对分子量更大,组成更为复杂,其主要由环烷烃、稠环芳烃链接烷基侧链、含杂原子的单元组成,结构单元之间形成缔合体。通过进一步对其性能分析,发现煤液化沥青的软化点和结焦值均明显高于煤焦油沥青,究其原因主要是组成和结构的差异性导致。

Through the comparative analysis of the composition structure of coal liquefaction pitch and coal tar pitch,it is found that the composition of coal liquefaction pitch and coal tar pitch is mainly composed of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and contains heterocyclic compounds of O,N,S and other elements.The molecular structure of coal tar pitch is characterized by the close proximity of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons to the forced configuration accompanied with less and short aliphatic side chains and no cycloalkanes.In comparison,coal liquefied pitch is featured with relative larger molecular weight and more complex composition,which is composed of cycloalkanes,polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons linked with alkyl side chains and units containing heteroatoms.Besides,a connective body is usually formed between the structural units.A further analysis of their activity show that the softening point and coking value of coal liquefied asphalt are significantly higher than that of coal tar asphalt,which are derived from the differences of the composition and structure.