抗生素和重金属复合污染现状及其生态效应研究进展

The status and ecological effects of antibiotics and heavy metals combined pollution:A review

综述了环境中抗生素和重金属两种典型污染物的来源与归趋、复合污染现状以及生态效应的研究进展。抗生素和重金属在环境中的复合污染机率高,已在我国众多区域的水体和土壤中同时检出,粪污还田和污水混合处理是二者复合污染的主要途径。抗生素和重金属复合污染对植物、动物和微生物均具有生态毒性效应,其毒性作用的程度与复合污染中污染物的种类与浓度、生物种类以及暴露时间有关。水环境是抗生素和重金属复合污染的主要归宿之一,目前关于二者复合污染对水生生物的影响的研究尚且较少,有待进一步探索;对于二者复合污染产生的生态毒性效应应从细胞和分子生物学层面进行更为深入、综合的毒理学分析。

The sources and trends of antibiotics and heavy metals in the environment,the current pollution status of their combined pollution and the research progress of their ecological effects were reviewed.Antibiotics and heavy metals coexist in the environment with high probability,which have been detected simultaneously in water and soils environment in many areas of China.The main pathways of combined pollution of them were the returning field of manure and sewage and waste water treatment plant.The combined pollution of antibiotics and heavy metals has the ecotoxicological effects on plants,animals and microorganisms,and the degree of the ecotoxicological effect of the combined pollution is related to the types and concentrations of pollutants,biological species and exposure times.Water environment is one of the main sites of combined pollution by antibiotics and heavy metals.There are few studies on the effects of combined pollution of them on aquatic organisms,which need to be further explored.The in-depth and comprehensive toxicological analysis should be conducted from the cellular and molecular levels to study the biotoxicological effects of combined pollution of them.