甘肃临潭磨沟墓地仪式性随葬动物研究

Research on Sacrificial Animals from the Mogou Cemetery in Lintan, Gansu

磨沟墓地随葬的大量动物骨骼,为研究洮河流域齐家文化到寺洼文化时期仪式性埋葬动物的演变提供了契机。墓地清晰地记录了以随葬猪下颌向以随葬牛科动物和鹿科动物转变的过程,时间为1500BC左右,与这一区域动物生业的发展具有明显的不同步性。磨沟墓地所见的仪式性埋葬动物行为的转变,与中原地区的影响,以及这一区域青铜时代畜牧经济发展密不可分。墓地随葬动物呈现种属多样化的特点,大量野生动物,尤其是野生食肉动物的随葬,与中原地区制度化的殉牲形成鲜明对比。

Based on the zooarchaeological analysis of animal remains from the Mogou cemetery, this paper explores the chronological changes of animal sacrificial ritual from the Qijia culture through the Siwa culture in the Tao River valley. During the Qijia period, pig mandible was the most commonly found faunal element from tombs, whereas Bovidae and Cervae became more widely used during the Siwa period. Nonetheless, such transition refects an out of step with the contemporary development of animal husbandry in the region. In summary, the evidence from the Mogou cemetery shows more diverse patterns in terms of faunal taxa and elements compared to the ritual use of animals in the Central Plains.