颅内动脉瘤患者照顾者照顾负担水平及影响因素分析

Analysis on the level of care burden and its influencing factors in caregivers of patients with intracranial aneurysms

目的分析颅内动脉瘤患者照顾者照顾负担水平及其影响因素。方法采用方便抽样法选取2021年5月—11月医院神经外科144名颅内动脉瘤患者及其主要照顾者为研究对象,采用Zarit护理者负担量表(ZBI)、社会支持评定量表(SSRS)、医院焦虑抑郁量表(HAD)对照顾者进行调查。结果照顾者ZBI量表得分平均(39.15±7.61)分,HAD量表中焦虑维度得分(10.89±3.16)分,抑郁维度得分(11.04±2.97),均高于常模(P<0.01);SSRS量表总分(26.27±4.23)分,主观支持维度得分(9.46±2.42)分,客观支持维度得分(8.99±2.51)分,社会支持利用度维度得分(7.81±1.51)分,均低于常模(P<0.01)。患者年龄、付费方式、手术方式和术后并发症对照顾负担有影响(P<0.05)。结论颅内动脉瘤患者照顾者存在不同程度照顾负担。应关注照顾者心理状态,通过开展技能培训,完善社会支持和经济帮助,减轻照顾者负担,进而提升照护质量,促进患者康复。

Objective To investigate the care burden and its influencing factors in caregivers of patients with intracranial aneurysms.Methods The convenience sampling method was used to select 144 patients with intracranial aneurysms and their primary caregivers in the neurosurgery de⁃partment as the research objects,and the caregivers were surveyed by Zrait Burden Scale(ZBI),Social Support Rating Scale(SSRS),Hospital Anxiety Depression Scale(HADS).Results The averaged score of ZBI was(39.15±7.61),which was higher than the norm(P<0.01).The score of anxiety(10.89±3.16)and depression(11.04±2.97)was higher than the norm,respec⁃tively(P<0.01).The overall score of SSRS(26.27±4.23),subjective support(9.46±2.42),objective support(8.99±2.51)and social support availability(7.81±1.51)was higher than the norm,respectively(P<0.01).Age of patient,way of payment,surgical type and postoperative complications were associated with degree of care burdens(P<0.05).Conclusion Findings of the study indicated a varying degree of care burden among caregivers of patients with intracranial aneurysms.Attention should be paid on the mental health of caregivers,and efforts should be made to care-giving skills training,social and financial support,in order to improve the nursing quality and rehabilitation of patients.