麻醉后监护室患者发生术后恶心呕吐的影响因素分析

Risk Analysis of Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting in 48 Patients in Post-anesthesia Intensive Care Unit

目的:分析麻醉后监护室患者发生术后恶心呕吐的影响因素。方法:2021年1—12月,选取在苏州科技城医院进行手术的患者作为研究对象,调查麻醉后在监护室发生术后恶心呕吐的发生率,并分析影响因素。结果:2272例患者中,有48例患者麻醉后在监护室发生术后恶心呕吐,总发生率为2.11%。男性为术后发生恶心呕吐的保护因素,年龄每增加1岁术后发生恶心呕吐的风险增加3.00%,使用纳布啡是发生术后恶心呕吐的危险因素。不同的麻醉方式和麻醉药物不是术后恶心呕吐的独立危险因素,抗呕吐药物没有降低术后恶心呕吐的发生率。结论:性别、年龄和使用纳布啡是麻醉后监护室患者发生术后恶心呕吐的影响因素。

OBJECTIVE To analyze the risk factors of postoperative nausea and vomiting in post anesthesia intensive care unit.METHODS From January to December 2021,A retrospective analysis was conducted to explore the characteristics of 2272 patients.Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed.RESULTS PONV occurred in 48 of 2272patients with a total incidence of 2.11%,2.96%for women and 1.01%for men.The results of univariate logistic regression analysis showed that the gender and age of patients were related to postoperative nausea and vomiting.The multivariate logistic regression model established by stepAIC method showed that men were protective factors for nausea and vomiting.The risk of nausea and vomiting increased by 3%with each year of age.The use of nalbuphinewas a risk factor for postoperative nausea and vomiting.In the post-anesthesia care unit,different anesthesia methods and different anesthetics were not independent risk factors for PONV,and antiemetics did not reduce the incidence of PONV in PACU.CONCLUSION Gender,age and nalbuphine are risk factors for PONV.