大数据技术对中小微企业信贷供给的影响研究——以山东省为例

Research on the Impact of Big Data Technology on Credit Supply of Small and Medium-sized Enterprises——Taking Shandong Province as an Example

大数据技术凭借其强大的信息获取处理优势成为当下缓解中小微企业融资困境的重要手段。基于2012—2020年山东省14家商业银行中小微企业信贷供给月度面板数据,考察了大数据技术对中小微企业信贷供给的影响及其作用机制。研究发现:大数据技术显著提高了山东省中小微企业信贷供给,而这种影响效果会因商业银行类型、企业规模、大数据技术发展阶段的不同而呈现显著差异。机制检验进一步证实,大数据技术主要通过贷前信息筛选与贷后风险管控两个渠道作用于山东省中小微企业信贷供给,且渠道的作用效果对于不同类型的商业银行以及不同规模的企业也呈现出明显的异质性。基于此,为有效纾解中小微企业融资困境,建议不断增强大数据技术缓解中小微企业融资约束的正向作用,灵活依据商业银行类型、企业规模有差别地推动大数据技术发展,并有效疏通大数据技术提升中小微企业信贷供给的贷前贷后传导渠道。

With its powerful information acquisition and processing advantages,big data technology has become an important means to alleviate the financing difficulties of MSMEs nowadays.Based on monthly panel data of credit supply for MSMEs from 14 commercial banks in Shandong Province from 2012 to 2020,the impact of big data technology on credit supply for MSMEs and its mechanism of action are examined.It is found that big data technology significantly improves the supply of credit for MSMEs in Shandong Province,and the effect of this influence can vary significantly depending on the type of commercial banks,the size of enterprises,and the stage of development of big data technology.The mechanism test further confirms that big data technology acts on the credit supply of MSMEs in Shandong Province mainly through two channels:pre-lending information screening and post-lending risk control,and the effect of the channels also shows significant heterogeneity for different types of commercial banks and different sizes of enterprises.Based on this,in order to effectively alleviate the financing dilemma of MSMEs,it is recommended to continuously enhance the positive role of big data technology in alleviating the financing constraints of MSMEs,flexibly promote the development of big data technology differently according to the type of commercial banks and the scale of enterprises,and effectively unblock the pre-lending and post-lending transmission channels of big data technology to enhance the credit supply of MSMEs.