黄河流域土地利用变化对生态系统服务价值的影响——以巴彦淖尔市为例

Effects of Land Use Changes on Ecosystem Service Value in the Yellow River Grainage Area:A Case Study of Bayannur

生态系统服务价值定量化分析已经成为生态学研究的热点问题之一,以黄河流域巴彦淖尔市为研究区,基于多源遥感数据,利用ArcGIS平台对2000年、2005年、2010年、2015年及2020年巴彦淖尔市土地利用进行分类,依据土地利用转移矩阵、土地利用动态度等分析方法,对巴彦淖尔市的土地利用变化状况进行分析,在此基础上结合相关统计数据,分析因当地土地利用变化而引致的生态系统服务价值变化状况。结果表明:近二十年来,巴彦淖尔市土地利用变化较为明显,其中耕地面积显著增加2314km^(2),林地面积增加89km^(2),草地面积显著减少4325km^(2),水域面积增加205km^(2),建设用地面积减少382km^(2),未利用地面积增加2142km^(2);由于草地减少及未利用地不断增加,同时间段当地生态系统服务总价值共减少3.1×10^(8)元,减小幅度为0.90%,年均损失0.2×10^(8)元,生态服务价值整体上呈先缓慢减少后迅速增加的趋势;生态系统服务价值敏感性指数都小于1,表明二十年间巴彦淖尔市的土地生态服务价值较稳定。

Quantitative analysis of ecosystem service value has become one of the hotspots in ecological research.Taking Bayannur city in the Yellow River grainage area as the research area,based on multi-source remote sensing data,the land use types of Bayannur in 2000,2005,2010,2015 and 2020 was carried out using ArcGIS platform.The land use transfer matrix and land use dynamic degree were used to analyze the land use change in Bayannur city.Combined with relevant statistical data,the change of ecosystem services value caused by land use change was analyzed.The results showed that the cultivated land area of Bayannur city increased 2314 km^(2),the forest area increased 89 km^(2),the grassland area decreased 4325 km^(2),the water area increased 205 km^(2),the construction land area decreased 382 km^(2),and the unused land area increased 2142 km^(2)during 20 years;Due to the decrease of grassland and the increase of unused land,the total value of local ecosystem services decreased 3.1×10^(8)yuan in the same period of time,the reduction rate was 0.90%,and the average annual loss was 0.2×10^(8)yuan,the value of ecological services decreased slowly and then increased rapidly;The sensitivity index of ecosystem service value always below 1.It means the land ecosystem service value of Bayannur is stable.