电动汽车电机啸叫问题诊断与优化分析

Diagnosis and Optimization Analysis on Motor Whistling Noise of Electric Vehicle

针对纯电动车在加速工况车内啸叫声大和滑行至20 km/h啸叫声突出的问题,通过“激励源-传递路径-接受者”分析模型,分析了电机啸叫原因和传递机理,根据试验诊断分析和工程经验快速锁定两个不同啸叫问题的主要贡献点。加速工况车内啸叫声大的关键因素是电机辐射噪声大,滑行工况啸叫声大关键因素是后悬置支架共振。从传递路径方面着手,提出了电驱动加声学包裹和后悬置支架加强的优化方案。通过优化方案的对比试验分析,高效地确定可工程化的优化整改方案,有效解决车内电机啸叫声问题。该优化方案和分析思路,对其他车型电驱动啸叫问题的解决具有较好的指导意义。

In order to solve the problem of larger whistling noise under WOT condition and sliding to 20 km/h condition of electric vehicle,through the analysis model of “excitation source-transmission path-recipient”,the cause and transmission mechanism of motor whistling noise are analyzed.and the main contribution of two different whistling noise problems are quickly locked according to the analysis and engineering experience.The key factor of whistling noise in the vehicle under WOT condition is the large radiated noise of the motor,and the key factor of whistling noise in the vehicle under cruise down condition is the resonance of rear mount bracket.From the aspect of transmission path,the optimization scheme of motor acoustic material wrapping and rear mount bracket strengthening is put forward.Through the comparative test analysis of optimized scheme,the optimization rectification scheme is effectively determined to solve the motor whistling noise problem.The optimization scheme and analysis ideas have good guiding significance for solution the motor whistling noise of other car models.