以自我管理效能为基础护理方案在骨质疏松性胸腰椎体骨折术后患者中的应用

Application of nursing program based on self-management efficacy in postoperative patients with osteoporotic thoracolumbar fractures

目的:分析以自我管理效能为基础的护理方案在骨质疏松性胸腰椎体骨折术后患者中的应用效果。方法:选取2020年1月至2022年1月期间我院收治的116例骨质疏松性胸腰椎体骨折患者作为研究对象,采用随机数表法将其分为对照组和观察组,各58例。所有患者均于我院顺利完成经皮椎体成形术治疗,术后对照组采用常规临床干预,观察组采用以自我管理效能为基础护理干预,两组均干预6 m。对两组干预前后的自我效能感量表(General Self-Efficacy Scale,GSES)评分、赫氏希望量表(Herth Hope Scale,Herth)希望量表评分、自我护理能力(Efficacy Self care ability,ESCA)评分、巴塞尔指数(Barthel index,Barthel)评分比较,并比较两组干预后的并发症情况。结果:干预前,两组的GSES评分、Herth希望量表评分、ESCA评分、Barthel指数评分无明显差异(P>0.05),干预1 m、3 m、6 m观察组的GSES评分、Herth希望量表评分、ESCA评分、Barthel指数评分均明显高于对照组(P<0.05)。干预后观察组的术后并发症总发生率明显低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:骨质疏松性胸腰椎体骨折术后患者经以自我管理效能为基础护理干预能够在一定程度上提升患者的自我效能感、希望水平和自我护理能力,改善日常生活活动能力,减少并发症的发生。

Objective:To analyze the application effect of nursing program based on self-management efficacy in patients with osteoporotic thoracolumbar body fracture after operation.Methods:A total of 116 patients with osteoporotic thoracolumbar body fractures admitted to our hospital from January 2020 to January 2022 were included in this study and divided into two groups by random number table method,with 58 cases in each group.All patients successfully completed percutaneous vertebroplasty in our hospital.The control group received routine clinical intervention,while the observation group received nursing intervention based on self-management efficacy.Both groups were intervened for 6 months.The scores of the General Self Efficiency Scale(GSES),the Herth Hope Scale(Herth Hope Scale),the Efficiency Self care Ability(ESCA)and the Basel index(Barthel)before and after the intervention were compared between the two groups,and the complications after the intervention were compared.Results:GSES score,Herth Hope scale score,ESCA score and Barthel index score of the two groups before intervention were significant(P>0.05).The GSES score,Herth Hope scale score,ESCA score and Barthel index score of the observation group after 1 month,3 months and 6 months of intervention were higher than those of the control group,and the differences were significant(P<0.05).After intervention,the total incidence of postoperative complications in the observation group was lower than that in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion:Nursing intervention based on self-management efficacy can improve the self-efficacy,hope level and self-care ability of patients with osteoporotic thoracolumbar body fracture after operation,improve the activities of daily living and reduce the incidence of complications.