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模拟酸雨条件下生物炭对北亚热带栎林土壤生物活性的影响

Effect of biochar on soil bioactivity in northern subtropical oak forests under simulated acid rain condition
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摘要 为探究在模拟酸雨条件下生物炭对土壤微生物量碳、微生物量氮质量分数及酶活性的影响,选取江苏省句容市南京林业大学实习林场的麻栎纯林为研究对象,设置空白对照组、酸雨pH 2.5、酸雨pH 3.5、酸雨pH 4.5、生物炭-酸雨pH 2.5、生物炭-酸雨pH 3.5、生物炭-酸雨pH 4.5共7个处理,对林内0~10、10~20、20~40 cm土层微生物量碳、微生物量氮质量分数及酶活性进行测定.结果表明:(1)在酸雨pH 2.5处理下微生物量碳和微生物量氮质量分数与空白对照组相比下降幅度均最大,分别达25.96%和31.15%(0~40 cm土层均值);在生物炭-酸雨pH 4.5处理下微生物量碳和微生物量氮质量分数提升效果均最好,与酸雨pH 4.5相比分别提高119.21%和70.49%(0~40 cm土层均值).(2)在酸雨pH 2.5处理下过氧化氢酶、脲酶、蔗糖酶活性均最低,与空白对照组相比分别降低了2.45%~12.77%、2.54%~24.32%、12.62%~39.94%;在生物炭-酸雨pH 4.5处理下过氧化氢酶、脲酶、蔗糖酶活性均最高,与酸雨pH 4.5处理相比分别升高34.76%、29.01%、50.71%(0~40 cm土层均值);生物炭对20~40 cm土层酶活性影响较弱.因此,生物炭对模拟酸雨条件下北亚热带栎林土壤微生物量碳、微生物量氮质量分数及酶活性具有不同程度的提升作用,且生物炭-酸雨pH 4.5处理对各指标的提升效果最显著.该研究可为酸雨地区尤其是长三角地区利用生物炭改善土壤酸化状况提供依据. In order to explore the effect of biochar on soil microbial biomass carbon, nitrogen and soil enzyme activity under simulated acid rain condition, experiment was conducted in a pure forest of Quercus acutissima in the practice forest farm of Nanjing Forestry University in Jurong City, Jiangsu Province. After treated with 3 levels of acid rain(pH 2.5, 3.5 and 4.5) alone and corresponding combinations with biochar, soil microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen contents, and enzyme activity at layers of 0-10, 10-20 and 20-40 cm were measured. The results showed that:(1) Compared with the blank control group, the average soil microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen contents at 0-40 cm soil layer decreased the most by 25.96% and 31.15%, respectively after irrigated with acid rain at pH 2.5. By contrast, treatment of biochar-acid rain pH 4.5 was contributed to the greatest increases of soil microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen contents by 119.21% and 70.49%, respectively in comparison with acid rain pH 4.5 treatment.(2) Treatment of acid rain at pH 2.5 resulted in the lowest catalase, urease and sucrase activities, whose average values at 0-40 cm soil layer were down by 2.45%-12.77%, 2.54%-24.32% and 12.62%-39.94%, respectively in comparison with the control. By contrast, biochar-acid rain pH 4.5 was contributed to the highest soil catalase, urease and sucrase activities, up by 34.76%, 29.01% and 50.71% in comparison with acid rain of pH 4.5 treatment. Generally, biochar had weak influence on the enzyme activities at 20-40 cm soil layer. Therefore, biochar can promote soil microbial biomass carbon, nitrogen and enzyme activities to different extents in the northern subtropical oak forest under simulated acid rain condition, and each index was improved the most under the treatment of biochar-acid rain pH 4.5. The research can provide basis for the application of biochar on the amelioration of acidified soil in the Yangtze River Delta.
作者 田子微 胡海波 冯渊圆 TAN Ziwei;HU Haibo;FENG Yuanyuan(Co-1nnovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China,Nanjing Forestry University,Nanjing,Jiangsu 210037,China;Key Laboratory of Soil and Water Conservation and Ecological Restoration in Jiangsu Province,Nanjing Forestry University,Nanjing,Jiangsu 210037,China;Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Nanjing,Jiangsu 210014,China)
出处 《福建农林大学学报(自然科学版)》 CSCD 北大核心 2023年第2期195-204,共10页 Journal of Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University:Natural Science Edition
基金 特定区域水土保持监测及苏南丘陵区经济林土壤侵蚀规律研究技术支撑与协作项目(2107116) 国家林业局长江三角洲森林生态系统定位研究项目(2019132158) 江苏省高等学校林学优势学科建设项目(164010641)。
关键词 模拟酸雨 生物炭 微生物量碳 微生物量氮 酶活性 亚热带栎林 simulated acid rain biochar microbial biomass carbon microbial biomass nitrogen enzyme activity subtropical oak forest
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