妊娠期糖尿病孕妇不同血糖指标异常对妊娠结局的影响探究

Influence of different abnormal blood glucose indexes on pregnancy outcome in pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus

目的 探究妊娠期糖尿病孕妇不同血糖指标异常对妊娠结局的影响。方法 选取120例接受产检的正常孕妇为对照组,另选取同期210例妊娠期糖尿病孕妇为研究组,按照口服葡萄糖耐量试验结果将研究组分为研究A组、研究B组和研究C组,每组70例。其中研究A组为空腹血糖异常,服糖后1 h、2 h的血糖指标正常,研究B组为空腹血糖异常,服糖后1h或2h有1个血糖指标异常;研究C组是空腹血糖异常,且服糖后1h、2h所有血糖指标均显示异常。对比各组妊娠结局及并发症情况。结果 研究组早产、胎儿窘迫、胎膜早破及巨大儿发生率分别为14.29%、4.76%、16.19%及10.00%明显高于对照组的6.67%、0、4.17%及3.33%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。研究A组、研究B组异常妊娠情况少于研究C组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。研究组孕妇并发症发生率21.43%高于对照组的7.50%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 妊娠期糖尿病孕妇血糖指标异常影响妊娠结局,孕妇存在血糖异常指标越多,越容易出现不良妊娠结局,包括胎膜早破、早产及胎儿窘迫等。医务人员一定要高度重视妊娠期糖尿病孕妇,有效控制其血糖水平,尽可能改善妊娠结局。

Objective To explore the influence of different abnormal blood glucose indexes on pregnancy outcome in pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus.Methods 120 normal pregnant women who received prenatal examination were selected as the control group,210 pregnant women with gestational diabetes during the same period were selected as the study group.According to the oral glucose tolerance test results,the study group was divided into study group A,study group B and study group C,with 70 cases in each group.Study group A had abnormal fasting blood glucose,and the blood glucose index was normal 1 and 2 h after taking sugar;study group B had abnormal fasting blood glucose,and the blood glucose index was abnormal 1 or 2 h after taking sugar.In study group C,fasting blood glucose was abnormal,and all blood glucose indexes were abnonnal 1 and 2 h after taking sugar.Pregnancy outcome and complications were compared in each group.Results The incidence rates of premature delivery,fetal distress,premature rupture of membranes and fetal enlargement in the study group were 14.29%,4.76%,16.19%and 10.00%,respectively,which were significantly higher than those in the control group(6.67%,0,4.17%and 3.33%),and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Abnormal pregnancy in study group A and study group B was less than that in study group C,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The complication rate of pregnant women in the study group was 21.43%higher than that in the control group(7.50%),and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion Abnormal blood glucose index in pregnant women with gestational diabetes affects pregnancy outcome.The more abnonnal blood glucose index in pregnant women,the more likely to have adverse pregnancy outcome,including premature rupture of membranes,premature delivery and fetal distress.Medical staff must attach great importance to pregnant women with gestational diabetes,effectively control their blood sugar level,and improve the pregnancy outcome as much as possible.