家庭式平衡训练联合吸气肌训练在老年股骨颈骨折患者中的应用效果

Application effects of family balance training combined with inspiratory muscle training in elderly patients with femoral neck fractures

目的:观察家庭式平衡训练联合吸气肌训练在老年股骨颈骨折(FNF)患者中的应用效果。方法:选取2020年1月至2021年6月该院收治的78例老年FNF患者进行前瞻性研究,按随机数字表法将其分为对照组和观察组各39例。两组均行常规康复训练,在此基础上,对照组实施吸气肌训练,观察组在对照组基础上联合家庭式平衡训练,比较两组训练前后髋关节功能[Harris髋关节功能]评分、日常生活活动能力[日常生活能力指数量表(ADL)]评分、平衡能力[Berg平衡量表(BBS)]评分、最大吸气压(MIP)和训练期间肺部感染发生率。结果:训练后,两组疼痛、功能、畸形和活动度等Harris髋关节功能评分均高于训练前,且观察组高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);训练后,两组ADL、BBS评分均高于训练前,且观察组高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);术后第14天,两组MIP水平均高于入院第1天,且观察组高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组肺部感染发生率为5.13%(2/39),低于对照组的20.51%(8/39),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:家庭式平衡训练联合吸气肌训练应用于老年FNF患者可提高髋关节功能评分、ADL评分、BBS评分和MIP水平,降低肺部感染发生率,效果优于单纯吸气肌训练。

Objective:To observe application effects of family balance training combined with inspiratory muscle training in elderly patients with femoral neck fractures(FNF).Methods:A prospective study was conducted on 78 elderly patients with FNF admitted to the hospital from January 2020 to June 2021.They were divided into control group and observation group according to the random number table method,39 cases in each.Both groups received routine rehabilitation training.On this basis,the control group received inspiratory muscle training,while the observation group received family balance training on the basis of that of the control group.The hip function(Harris hip function)score,the activities of daily living[activities of daily living index scale(ADL)]score,the balance ability[Berg balance scale(BBS)]score,the maximum inspiratory pressure(MIP),and the incidence of pulmonary infection during the training were compared between the two groups before and after the training.Results:After the training,the Harris hip function scores of pain,function,deformity and range of motion in the two groups were higher than those before the training,those in the observation group were higher than those in the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).After the training,the ADL and BBS scores of the two groups were higher than those before the training,those of the observation group were higher than those of the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).On the 14th day after the surgery,the MIP levels of the two groups were higher than those on the first day of admission,that of the observation group was higher than that of the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Further,the incidence of pulmonary infection in the observation group was 5.13%(2/39),which was lower than 20.51%(8/39)in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusions:The family balance training combined with the inspiratory muscle training in the elderly patients with FNF can improve the hip function score,the ADL score,the BBS score and the MIP level,and reduce the incidence of pulmonary infection.Moreover,it is superior to single inspiratory muscle training.