中国参与全球体育治理的角色变迁研究

Research on the Role Change of China’s Participation in Global Sports Governance

通过文献调研,并运用比较法和访谈法探讨中国参与全球体育治理的角色变迁,在角色演进中厘清我国体育组织与国际体育组织之间的关系。新中国参与全球体育治理的角色历经批评者、抗争者、参与者、倡导者,最终成为全球体育治理的引领者,为应对全球体育治理的结构性失灵与维护国际体育秩序贡献了中国力量。中国参与全球体育治理角色演进的背后是国家之间的博弈,其受到国内现实、国际环境以及角色规则的影响,并且,角色是多元的,角色之间存在冲突,角色冲突的焦点是如何平衡本国利益与全球利益。中国亟待加强参与全球体育治理的深度、应对全球体育治理问题的广度、引领国际体育组织改革的向度。因此,中国可从3个维度引领全球体育治理:一是创新治理模式,构建政府主导且多元主体协同的体育治理结构,引领国际体育组织改革走向;二是重塑体育规则,搭建多边合作平台,提升我国在全球体育治理体系中的话语权,引领国际体育赛事治理风潮;三是促进文化认同,引领人类健康共同体、体育事业共同体、体育文化共同体、人类命运共同体。

This paper discusses the changes of China’s role in global sports governance by using the methods of literature,comparison and interview,and clarifies the relationship between Chinese sports organizations and international sports organizations in the process of role evolution.The role of New China in global sports governance has gone through critics,protesters,participants and advocates,and finally become the leader of global sports governance.China has contributed its strength to cope with the structural failure of global sports governance and maintain the international sports order.Behind the evolution of China’s role in global sports governance is the game between countries,influenced by domestic realities,international circumstances,and rules of engagement.Moreover,roles are interactive,diverse and conflicted,and the focus of role conflicts is how to balance national interests and global interests.In fact,it is urgent for China to strengthen the depth of participation in global sports governance,to deal with the breadth of global sports governance issues,and to lead the reform of international sports organizations.Therefore,China should lead the global sports governance from three dimensions:First,we should innovate the governance model,build a government-led and multi-subject sports governance structure,and lead the reform trend of international sports organizations.Second,we should reshape sports rules,build a multilateral cooperation platform,enhance China’s voice in the global sports governance system,and lead the trend of international sports governance.Third,we should promote cultural identity and lead a community of health,sports,sports culture and a shared future for mankind.