中国体育管理学研究范式的反思与展望

Reflections and Outlook on the Research Paradigm of Chinese Sports Management

研究范式是被学术共同体所约定且共同遵守的、进行知识生产与学术积累的方式。从科学问题的提出、变量思维、研究过程的可重复性与研究结果的可证伪性、体育管理领域常识的验证、数学模型与统计学知识的应用、实证研究范式的局限性等方面,对中国体育管理学的研究范式进行反思。研究发现,无论是基于学科定位还是学术共同体的研究任务,实证研究范式都应成为体育管理学的主流研究范式;中国本土文化与体育管理现象的复杂性和多元性,决定了以强调证据链和科学性为代表的实证研究范式与强调直觉和洞见为代表的思辨研究范式将长期共存;缺乏学术成果间的有效对话是阻碍体育管理学知识积累的突出问题。针对上述问题,提出如下建议:1)中国体育管理研究应主动融入科学研究的主流范式之中;2)阐释与回答中国体育管理问题需要研究范式间的相向而行;3)追逐体育管理领域的热点议题不能代替体育管理学的学科建设;4)体育管理研究者需要保有对科学研究的敬畏与真诚;5)要让好奇和趣味成为体育管理研究者开展科学研究的驱动力。

Research paradigms are the basic rules of knowledge production and accumulation within disciplines.From the aspects of scientific questions,variable,repeatability and falsifiability,verification of common sense,application of mathematical models and statistical knowledge,limitations of empirical research paradigms,this paper reflected on the research paradigm of sports management in China.Results:Whether it is based on the disciplinary orientation or the research task of the academic community,the empirical research paradigm should become the mainstream research paradigm of sports management.The diversity of Chinese local culture and the phenomenon of sports management determines that the empirical research paradigm which emphasizes the evidence chain and scientificity and the speculative research paradigm that emphasizes intuition and insight will coexist for a long time.Lacking of effective dialogue among academic achievements is a prominent problem hindering the accumulation of knowledge in sports management.Recommendations:1)Chinese sports management research should be actively integrated into the mainstream paradigm of scientific research;2)in order to explain and answer the topics of Chinese sports management,variety of research paradigms should be complemented with each other;3)research on hot topics cannot replace the discipline construction of sports management;4)researchers need to maintain awe and sincerity;5)curiosity and interest are critical for sports management researchers to carry out scientific research.