孤立森林算法的灭火救援疏散路径规划方法

Fire fighting and rescue evacuation path planning method based on isolated forest algorithm

针对建筑火灾中人员疏散路径规划问题,提出基于孤立森林算法的灭火救援疏散路径规划的方法。运用布置在火灾现场的无线传感器网络采集火灾环境信息,构建火灾数据样本,随机分割并训练火灾数据样本,创建多个孤立二叉树组建孤立森林,识别火灾异常数据,获得着火点及障碍物位置,并以栅格法构建火灾救援环境动态地图为基础,通过更新位置节点当量距离、信息素浓度以及信息素挥发因子的改进蚁群算法,构建救援疏散路径组合优化模型,规划出最佳灭火救援疏散路径。测试结果表明:该方法可准确检测火灾中的着火点位置,可在多起点、多终点的救援疏散路径规划中更好地避开着火点和障碍物,快速、合理地规划出最佳灭火救援疏散路径。

To solve the problem of evacuation path planning in building fires,a method of evacuation path planning for fire fighting and rescue based on isolated forest algorithm was proposed.The wireless sensor network arranged at the fire scene is used to collect fire environment information,build fire data samples,randomly divide and train fire data samples,create multiple isolated binomial trees to form isolated forests,identify abnormal fire data,obtain the location of ignition points and obstacles,and build a dynamic map of fire rescue environment based on grid method,by updating the equivalent distance of location nodes.The improved ant colony algorithm of pheromone concentration and pheromone volatilization factor is used to build a combined optimization model of rescue and evacuation paths and plan the best fire rescue and evacuation path.The experimental results show that this method can accurately detect the location of the ignition point in the fire,and can better avoid the ignition point and obstacles in the multi start and multi end rescue and evacuation path planning,the best fire fighting and rescue evacuation path can be quickly and reasonably planned.