摘要
奶制品的出现是新石器时代次级产品革命的标志之一,代表着对动物奶、毛、畜力等可以反复利用资源的开发,为早期农业和游牧社会的发展提供了基础.青藏高原人群现代食谱中肉、奶比例相对较高,但缺少史前奶制品利用的直接证据.陶器是新石器时代古人最常用的烹饪和储存工具,检测陶器残留物的脂肪酸组成及碳同位素分布可以指示动物肉类和奶类来源.本文对西藏日喀则南木林县海拔约4000 m的共塘遗址出土陶片进行了脂质残留物分析,结果显示大约3000年前,在雅鲁藏布江中游地区,奶制品消费伴随着当地的牛羊等家养动物同时出现.
In contrast to primary animal products(meat,hide,blood,and bone)which can be extracted only once in the lifetime of an animal,secondary animal products are defined as those which can be exploited without slaughtering animals,for example milk,wool,power and dung.In the secondary products revolution model,the appearance of secondary animal products created a new type of human-animal relationship,increased the productivity and mobility of Neolithic farmers,and eventually facilitated the rise of complex societies in the Near East[1].
作者
张予南
高玉
杨继帅
王彦人
王韵铭
汪椿鑫
范安川
申旭科
童艳
拥措
马志坤
凌智永
王辉
杨晓燕
陈发虎
Yunan Zhang;Yu Gao;Jishuai Yang;Yanren Wang;Yunming Wang;Chunxin Wang;Anchuan Fan;Xuke Shen;Yan Tong;Cuo Yong;Zhikun Ma;Zhiyong Ling;Hui Wang;Xiaoyan Yang;Fahu Chen(State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System,Resources and Environment,Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101,China;School of Archaeology and Museology,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China;Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems(Ministry of Education),College of Earth and Environmental Sciences,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100086,China;Department for the History of Science and Scientific Archaeology,University of Science and Technology of China,Hefei 230026,China;Tibetan Institute for the Preservation of Cultural Relics,Lhasa 850015,China;Key Laboratory of Cultural Heritage Research and Conservation,School of Cultural Heritage,Northwest University,Xi’an 710127,China;Institute of Archaeology,Chinese Academy of Social Sciences,Beijing 100710,China)
基金
supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(41930323,42101147,and 41988101)
the Second Tibetan Plateau Scientific Expedition and Research Program(2019QZKK0601)。
