数字经济与共同富裕——基于中国城乡收入差距的视角分析

Digital Economy and Common Prosperity——An Analysis Based on the Perspective of Urban-rural Income Gap in China

数字经济与共同富裕是新时代中国高质量发展中的两个重要议题。从城乡收入差距这一影响共同富裕整体进程的关键视角出发,在理论剖析数字经济发展对城乡收入差距影响机理的基础上,利用2011—2019年229个地级市的面板数据实证分析数字经济对城乡收入差距的影响。主要结论如下:(1)从总体来看,数字经济的发展会显著缩小城乡收入差距,推动中国共同富裕总体进程;(2)从数字经济的不同层次来看,数字基础设施建设、数字产业化与产业数字化均可以有效缩小城乡收入差距,数字基础设施和产业数字化的影响效应更大;(3)从影响机制来看,数字经济主要通过促进人口城镇化以提高农民工资性收入、提升农业生产效率以提高家庭经营性收入两条路径对城乡收入差距产生影响。以上结论丰富和完善了数字经济发展对城乡收入差距影响的研究,为发展数字经济和实现“共同富裕”提供了理论支持。

Digital economy and common prosperity are two important issues in China’s high-quality development in the new era.From the perspective of the urban-rural income gap,which is a key factor affecting the overall process of common prosperity,and based on the theoretical explanation of the influence mechanism of the development of the digital economy on the urban-rural income gap,this paper empirically analyzes the impact of the digital economy on the urban-rural income gap by using the panel data of 229 prefecture-level cities from 2011 to 2019.The main conclusions are as follows:(1)In general,the development of the digital economy will significantly narrow the urban-rural income gap and promote the overall process of common prosperity in China;(2)From the perspective of different levels of the digital economy,digital infrastructure construction,digital industrialization,and industrial digitization can all effectively narrow the urban-rural income gap,with digital infrastructure and industrial digitization playing a greater role.(3)In terms of the impact mechanism,the digital economy mainly affects the urban-rural income gap by promoting urbanization to increase farmers’wage income and improving agricultural production efficiency to improve household operating income.The above findings enrich and improve the research on the impact of digital economy development on the urban-rural income gap,and provide theoretical support for the development of the digital economy and the realization of common prosperity.