南京主城区24687例2~6岁儿童听力损失结果分析

Analysis on hearing loss of 24687 children aged 2-6 years in Nanjing downtown area

目的探讨南京市2~6岁儿童听力损失情况,对迟发性和暂时性听力损失进行早期识别和干预。方法2016年5月~2019年8月对南京主城区2~6岁儿童进行听力筛查。应用畸变产物耳声发射初筛,初筛未通过转诊至南京医科大学附属妇产医院进行临床疾病诊断、治疗、复筛,复筛未通过进行听力诊断,确诊听力损失后进行言语评估、干预和随访。结果共计24687名2~6岁儿童接受听力筛查,3986例(16.1%)初筛阳性,2081例(57.2%)复筛阳性,确诊听力损失616例(听力损失检出率2.49%,616/24687),语言发育迟缓62例。86例感音神经性听力损失,其中30例助听器验配,6例人工耳蜗植入,建档随访71例;530例传导性听力损失中治愈481例,好转49例。结论儿童听力损失检出率高,迫切需要对儿童听力定期监测、早期识别和干预。

OBJECTIVE To explore the hearing loss of children aged 2 to 6 years in Nanjing,to identify and intervene early on delayed and temporary hearing loss.METHODS From May 2016 to August 2019,hearing screening was conducted for children in urban of Nanjing.Distortion product otoacoustic emission was used for hearing screening.Positive children were refered to Women’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University for diagnosis,treatment and rescreening.If rescreening fails,hearing diagnosis and speech assessment were performed,as well as intervention and follow-up.RESULTS 3986cases(16.1%)were positive in the primary screening and 2081 cases(57.2%)were positive in re-screening.616 cases were diagnosed with hearing loss(2.49%,616/24687),and 62 cases with language retardation.86 cases of sensorineural hearing loss,30 cases of hearing aid fitting,6 cases of cochlear implant,71 cases were followed up;530 cases of conductive hearing loss,481 cases were cured and 49 cases were improved.CONCLUSION The detection rate of children’s hearing loss is high.It is mandatory to monitor children’s hearing.Early identification and intervention are necessary for children’s hearing loss.