我国地方病防控当前面临的主要问题与对策建议

Current main problems and countermeasures for prevention and control of endemic diseases in China

近10年来,通过落实"十二五""十三五"全国地方病防治规划和地方病防治专项三年攻坚行动方案,我国地方病防治工作取得显著进展。本文依据我国地方病最新监测数据和"十三五"地方病控制消除评价结果,对我国地方病防控面临的主要问题进行了分析,主要集中在碘缺乏病、地方性氟中毒和地方性砷中毒防控措施落实,以及地方病患者治疗管理等方面。据此,从防控工作机制、防控措施落实、科学研究三个方面提出相应对策建议,为国家及各地区巩固地方病防控成果、精确落实地方病防治措施提供决策的科学依据。

Over the past decade,remarkable progress has been made in prevention and control of endemic diseases in China through implementation of the 12th and the 13th Five-Year National Plans for Prevention and Control of Endemic Diseases and the Three-Year Action Plan for Special Prevention and Control of Endemic Diseases.Based on the latest monitoring data of endemic diseases and the evaluation results of the control and elimination of endemic diseases of the 13th Five-Year Plan,this paper analyzed current main problems in prevention and control of endemic diseases in China,focusing on implementation of prevention and control measures for iodine deficiency disorders,endemic fluorosis,and endemic arsenicosis,as well as the treatment and management of patients.Accordingly,corresponding countermeasures and suggestions are put forward from three aspects,including prevention and control mechanism,implementation of prevention and control measures,and scientific research,so as to provide scientific basis for the country and various regions to consolidate the achievements of prevention and control of endemic diseases and accurately implement the prevention and control measures of endemic diseases.