基于西瓜果肉的环保型复合吸水材料的制备研究

Preparation and performance of eco-friendly composite water-absorbent material based on watermelon flesh

通过西瓜果肉(WMF)和中和丙烯酸(AA)的自由基接枝共聚,成功合成了一种基于生物质材料的低成本、环保型的高吸水复合材料(WMF-co-AA),并通过扫描电子显微镜和红外光谱分析仪对其结构和形态进行表征。探究了WMF含量对复合材料溶胀能力的影响,对复合材料的吸水率、保水性、耐热性、耐盐性进行了研究。结果表明,WMF成功地接枝在丙烯酸单体上,且复合材料在去离子水和0.9%(wt,质量分数)NaCl溶液中的最佳吸水率分别为702g/g和70g/g。在pH范围为4~10的溶液、不同的盐溶液及阴离子表面活性剂溶液中也具有优异的溶胀性能,表明其具有良好的pH稳定性和耐盐性。此外,复合吸水材料对多价金属离子具有一定的吸附性能。

A low-cost, eco-friendly composite material with high water-absorbency based on biomass material(WMF-co-AA) was successfully synthesized through the free radical graft copolymerization of watermelon pulp(WMF) and neutralized acrylic acid(AA).The structure and morphology were characterized by scanning electron microscope and infrared spectrum analyzer.The effect of WMF content on the swelling ability of composite material was explored, and the water absorption, water retention, heat resistance, and salt resistance of composite material were also studied.The results showed that WMF was successfully grafted to the acrylic monomer, and the best water absorption rates of the composite in deionized water and 0.9wt% NaCl solution were 702g/g and 70g/g, respectively.It also had excellent swelling properties in solutions with pH range of 4~10,different salt solutions and anionic surfactant solutions, indicating that it had good pH stability and salt resistance.In addition, the composite water-absorbing material also had certain adsorption properties for multivalent metal ions.