阜花系列高油酸花生遗传多样性分析

Genetic Diversity Analysis on Fuhua-Series Cultivars of High Oleic Acid Peanut

为准确评价高油酸花生种质资源的遗传多样性,本研究以34个阜花系列高油酸花生进行农艺性状及SSR位点分析。结果表明,所有花生品种间主茎高、侧枝长、结果枝数、百果质量、百仁质量差异显著,但是出米率差异较小,稳定在(70.34±0.78)%之间;采用56对引物对34个阜花系列高油酸花生品种(系)进行多态性分析,筛选出18对引物在这些种质间存在多态性,平均等位位点数为2.89个,Shannon’s信息指数分布在0.06~3.06之间,平均值为1.2,多态性信息含量(polymorphism information content, PIC)指数分布在0.33~0.91之间,平均值为0.66;34个高油酸花生相似系数分布在0.346~0.885之间,平均值为0.661;UPGMA(unweighted pair-group method with arithmetic means)聚类分析表明,所有阜花系列高油酸花生品种(系)分布在不同分枝上,遗传多样性程度较高。研究结果提高了SSR分子标记筛选的效率,也为阜花系列高油酸花生遗传多样性提供参考,为今后高油酸花生种质创制提供依据。

This study was conducted to accurately evaluate the genetic diversity of Fuhua series cultivars of high oleic acid peanut germplasm resources. Thirty-four Fuhua series cultivars of high oleic acid peanut were adopted to analyse the agronomic traits and SSR loci. The results showed that there were significant differences in main stem height, lateral branch length, number of pod-bearing branches, 100-fruit mass, and 100-kernel mass among these peanut cultivars. And there was small difference among yield of these peanut cultivars. The kernel rate was stable at(70.34±0.78)%. The polymorphism of thirty-four Fuhua series cultivars(strains) of high oleic acid peanut was analyzed by fifty-six pairs of primers. Eighteen pairs of primers were screened out to have polymorphism among these cultivars. The average number of alleles was 2.89. Shannon’s information index was distributed between 0.06 and 3.06, with an average value of 1.20. The PIC index of polymorphism information content(PIC) was 0.33-0.91, with an average value of 0.66. The similarity coefficients of these Fuhua series cultivars ranged from 0.346 to 0.885, with an average value of 0.661. UPGMA(Unweighted Pair-Group Method with Arithmetic Means)cluster analysis showed that all these peanut cultivars were distributed on different branches, with a high degree of genetic diversity. The results improved the efficiency of SSR molecular marker screening, and also provided a reference for genetic diversity of Fuhua series cultivars of high oleic acid peanut, and provided a basis for the creation of high oleic acid peanut germplasms in the future.