苏联共产党党报发行的历史脉络及当代警示

The Historical Track and Contemporary Warning of the Issue of the Communist Party Newspaper of the Soviet Union

党报党刊是党的意识形态工作的主阵地,做好党报发行工作对维护党和国家意识形态安全具有重要意义。回望苏联共产党百年党报发行史,列宁时期奠定了党报发行的思想理论根基,斯大林时期将计划发行体制推向高峰,领导建成了国际共运史上规模最大的党报发行体系,取得了令人瞩目的党报发行成就。但戈尔巴乔夫时期放弃党报事业领导权,撕裂党报发行网,导致意识形态安全网破防,教训极为惨痛。苏联共产党近百年党报发行史表明,一部党报发行史亦是一部意识形态斗争史,深蕴党报兴则意识形态稳、党报发行网强则意识形态网牢、党报发行衰则意识形态破防的基本历史规律。因此,必须遵循解放思想、与时俱进的铁律,不断探寻党报发行的新增长点,应对新挑战,牢牢掌握党对意识形态工作领导权,全面落实意识形态工作责任制,坚决守好意识形态主阵地。

Party newspapers and periodicals are the main front of the Party’s ideological work,and it is of great significance to do a good job in the distribution of Party newspapers and periodicals to maintain the ideological security of the Party and the country.Looking back at the century-old history of the party newspaper distribution of the Communist Party of the former Soviet Union,Lenin laid the ideological and theoretical foundation of the party newspaper distribution,and Stalin pushed the planned distribution system to the peak,led the establishment of the largest party newspaper distribution system in the history of the international communist movement,and made remarkable achievements in the party newspaper distribution.However,Gorbachev gave up the leadership of the party newspaper cause and tore up the distribution network of the party newspaper,leading to the breakdown of the ideological security network,which was an extremely painful lesson.The history of the party newspaper distribution in the past hundred years of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union shows that the publishing history of a party newspaper is also a history of ideological struggle,which implies the basic historical law that ideological stability is achieved when party newspapers are prosperous,the ideological network is firm when party newspapers are strong,and the ideological defense is broken when party newspapers are weakened.Therefore,we must follow the iron law of emancipating the mind and keeping pace with the times,constantly explore new growth points for Party newspaper distribution,respond to new challenges,firmly grasp the Party’s leadership over ideological work,fully implement the responsibility system for ideological work,and resolutely guard the main ideological position.