食物、经验与话语权力:佩雷克的日常生活书写

Food,Experience and Power of Discourse:Perec’s Narrative of the Quotidian

19世纪以降,日常生活在法国文化中长期处于被贬抑的地位,直到二战之后,日常生活才逐渐回归大众视野,展现出蓬勃的生命力。承袭先锋派的各类日常生活实践,乔治·佩雷克热衷于书写久被漠视的平凡生活经验。食物乃日常生活之基本要素,构成了佩雷克书写日常的关键线索。从佩雷克的多部作品出发,以饮食作为切入点,主要结合列斐伏尔与巴特的日常理论,探索作家关于日常生活的实践轨迹以及人文关怀。借助饮食书写,佩雷克呈现了日常生活或被遗忘忽视、或被过分关注的境遇,以具象化的方式还原生活的日常性,将日常生活之沉默与匿名加以可视化;同时,通过从个体经验到集体经验的转向,日常生活展现了摧毁话语权力的潜在无政府力量,从而为身处异化困境的人们提供了一条出路。

Since the 19th century,everyday life had long been in a degraded position in French culture,and it was not until after World War II that it gradually returned to the public view with its vigorous force.Inheriting the various daily life practices of the Avant-guard,Georges Perec was keen on writing everyday experiences that have long been ignored.Food is the basic element of everyday life and constitutes the crucial thread in Perec’s everyday writings.Focusing on several works of Georges Perec and drawing on the theories of Henri Lefebvre and Roland Barthes,this article takes food as the perspective to explore Perec’s practical trajectory and humanistic concern about everyday life.It argues that via culinary writing,Perec presents the situation of everyday life that is forgotten,neglected or overemphasized,restores the everydayness of life in a figurative manner,and visualizes the silence and anonymity of everyday life.Turning from individual experiences to collective experiences,everyday life shows its potentially anarchic power to destroy discursive power,providing an outlet for people who are in alienation.