史料与方法:少数民族器乐史编撰的两个问题

Historical sources and methods:Two issues in the history of instrumental music of ethnic minorities

史料与方法,是中国少数民族器乐史编撰面临的两个基本问题。史料又可分为物态与活态两类,为兼顾两者,需要在基本观念、叙事方式和视角上对史料予以“活化”。在方法上,作为少数民族器乐历史的整体性研究,倾向于从“关系史”的角度出发,以乐器类种史—文化区域和通道型跨区域的地理空间为经纬,通过历史—当代流布之线索的描写与比较,确立一种基于普遍性的差异化视角。相较于发生学意义上的“始源”(roots)之考证,在关系史考察中,更为显在的是对“流”与“路径”(routes)的关注,其中包括历时性的流变,以及对空间性的流动(mobility)的特别强调,对民族之间、区域之间、乐器/器乐之间横向流布关系与纵向发展关系所做的更具问题意识的探索。

Historical materials can be divided into two categories:material and living,and in order to balance the two,it is necessary to“activate”the basic concepts,narrative methods and perspectives of the writing of instrumental music history of ethnic minorities.In terms of methodology,it tends to start from the perspective of“relationship history”,take the two aspects of musical instrument history-cultural region and channel type cross-regional geographical space as the longitude and latitude of each other,and establish a differentiated perspective based on universality by describing and comparing the clues of history-contemporary circulation.