固体废物中重金属对土壤环境的污染与处理措施研究

Pollution of Heavy Metals in Solid Waste to Soil Environment and Treatment Measures

固体废物中的重金属元素是一种典型的污染物,其对人体健康和环境生态安全均具有很大的负面影响。为此,从重金属污染源浸出、渗流、土壤吸附以及迁移转换等方面出发,模拟固体废物中重金属对土壤环境的污染过程。在测定固体废物中的重金属含量后,从污染源控制、传播路径控制以及污染土壤修复三个方面,提出土壤重金属污染的处理措施。实验结果表明:在落实土壤环境污染处理措施后,研究区域土壤中铅、镍、铬、汞四种重金属含量分别降低了0.57 mg/kg、0.84 mg/kg、0.63 mg/kg和0.73 mg/kg,对于提高土地的使用效率具有积极作用。

Heavy metal elements in solid waste are a typical pollutant,which has a great negative impact on human health and environmental ecological safety.Therefore,the pollution process of heavy metals in solid waste to soil environment is simulated from the aspects of leaching,seepage,soil adsorption and migration and transformation of heavy metal pollution sources.After determining the content of heavy metals in solid waste,the treatment measures of soil heavy metal pollution are proposed from three aspects:pollution source control,transmission path control and remediation of contaminated soil.The results showed that after the implementation of soil environmental pollution treatment measures,the contents of lead,nickel,chromium and mercury in the soil of the study area decreased by 0.57 mg/kg,0.84 mg/kg,0.63 mg/kg and 0.73 mg/kg respectively,which has a positive effect on improving the land use efficiency.