男性服刑人员焦虑抑郁情绪与物质滥用史的关系

The relationship between anxiety and depression mood and substance abuse history in male prisoners

目的:探讨物质滥用史对男性服刑人员服刑期间焦虑、抑郁情绪的影响,及其与暴力行为的关系。方法:2019年10—11月对1455名服刑人员进行问卷调查。采用自编个人物质滥用史问卷收集物质滥用情况(饮酒、吸烟和吸毒);采用广泛性焦虑量表(generalized anxiety disorder scale,GAD-7)、患者健康问卷抑郁症状群量表(patient health questionnaires,PHQ-9)调查焦虑抑郁情绪。按照有无物质滥用史将所有被试分为物质滥用组(n=871)和无物质滥用组(n=584)。采用SPSS 21.0软件进行统计分析。统计方法采用t检验、χ2检验、Logistic回归分析。结果:(1)物质滥用组GAD-7[(4.95±5.88)分,(3.35±5.33)分;t=-5.407,P<0.01]、PHQ-9[(6.69±6.50)分,(4.48±5.73)分;t=-6.821,P<0.01]量表得分均显著高于无物质滥用组。(2)躯体疾病(β=0.700,OR=2.014,95%CI=1.599~2.538,P<0.05)、酒精滥用史(β=0.434,OR=1.543,95%CI=1.176~2.025,P<0.05)、烟草滥用史(β=0.387,OR=1.473,95%CI=1.154~1.880,P<0.05)、年龄≤45岁(β=0.372,OR=1.450,95%CI=1.118~1.881,P<0.05)是服刑人员出现焦虑情绪的危险因素。躯体疾病(β=0.686,OR=1.986,95%CI=1.581~2.496,P<0.05)、烟草滥用史(β=0.488,OR=1.629,95%CI=1.286~2.063,P<0.05)、年龄≤45岁(β=0.484,OR=1.622,95%CI=1.260~2.089,P<0.05)、酒精滥用史(β=0.344,OR=1.410,95%CI=1.073~1.854,P<0.05)是服刑人员出现抑郁情绪的危险因素。(3)受教育年限≤9年(β=0.900,OR=2.459,95%CI=1.855~3.261,P<0.05)、年龄≤45岁(β=0.788,OR=2.199,95%CI=1.690~2.860,P<0.05)、未婚(β=0.683,OR=1.980,95%CI=1.421~2.759,P<0.05)、酒精滥用史(β=0.308,OR=1.361,95%CI=1.053~1.758,P<0.05)、毒品滥用史(β=0.557,OR=1.745,95%CI=1.055~2.885,P<0.05)是服刑人员暴力行为的危险因素。结论:物质滥用史可能是服刑人员服刑期间出现焦虑抑郁情绪的危险因素;酒精、毒品滥用均是出现暴力行为的影响因素。

Objective To explore the influence of substance abuse history on anxiety and depression of male prisoners during their imprisonment,and its relationship with violent behavior.Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted among 1455 prisoners from October to November 2019.Self-administered personal substance abuse history questionnaires were used to collect the information on substance abuse(alcohol,tobacco,and drug use).The generalized anxiety scale(GAD-7)and patient health questionnaire(PHQ-9)were used to investigate anxiety and depression.All subjects were divided into substance abuse group(n=871)and non substance abuse group(n=584)according to whether they had a history of substance abuse or not.SPSS 21.0 software was used for statistical analysis.The statistical methods were t-test,chi square test and Logistic regression analysis.Results(1)The scores of GAD-7((4.95±5.88)vs(3.35±5.33),t=-5.407,P<0.01)and PHQ-9((6.69±6.50)vs(4.48±5.73),t=-6.821,P<0.01)scales in the substance abuse group were higher than those in the no-substance abuse group.(2)Somatic disease(β=0.700,OR=2.014,95%CI=1.599-2.538,P<0.05),history of alcohol abuse(β=0.434,OR=1.543,95%CI=1.176-2.025,P<0.05),history of tobacco abuse(β=0.387,OR=1.473,95%CI=1.154-1.880,P<0.05),age≤45(β=0.372,OR=1.450,95%CI=1.118-1.881,P<0.05)were the risk factors of anxiety among prisoners.Somatic disease(β=0.686,OR=1.986,95%CI=1.581-2.496,P<0.05),history of tobacco abuse(β=0.488,OR=1.629,95%CI=1.286-2.063,P<0.05),age≤45(β=0.484,OR=1.622,95%CI=1.260-2.089,P<0.05),history of alcohol abuse(β=0.344,OR=1.410,95%CI=1.073-1.854,P<0.05)were the risk factors of depression among prisoners.(3)Years of education≤9 years(β=0.900,OR=2.459,95%CI=1.855-3.261,P<0.05),age≤45(β=0.788,OR=2.199,95%CI=1.690~2.860,P<0.05),unmarried(β=0.683,OR=1.980,95%CI=1.421-2.759,P<0.05),history of alcohol abuse(β=0.308,OR=1.361,95%CI=1.053-1.758,P<0.05),history of drug abuse(β=0.557,OR=1.745,95%CI=1.055-2.885,P<0.05)were risk factors for violent behavior of prisoners.Conclusion The history of substance abuse may be a risk factor for anxiety and depression of prisoners during their imprisonment.Alcohol and drug abuse are both factors influencing the occurrence of violent behavior.