自闭特质和模糊情境对高中生解释偏向的影响

The influence of autistic traits and ambiguous situations on the interpretation bias of senior high school students

目的:探讨不同自闭特质水平的高中生在模糊情境中解释偏向的变化特点,考察解释偏向在跨自我/他人相关条件下的一致性。方法:采用自闭谱系商数量表对安徽省某高中1080名高中生进行调查,按照分数高、低27%的标准筛选出高自闭特质组被试(n=266)和低自闭特质组被试(n=266)。采用模糊情境范式测量两组被试在自我和他人条件下对模糊性信息的积极解释频数。使用SPSS 26.0进行描述性统计,jamovi 2.2.3进行广义混合线性模型分析。结果:(1)自闭特质水平组间效应结果表明:高自闭特质组的积极解释频数显著低于低自闭特质组[54.5(11.8),57(11.8)](χ2=13.99,P<0.001);自闭特质水平和模糊情境类型的交互作用结果表明:在正性模糊情境中,高自闭特质组的积极解释频数均小于低自闭特质组[33(4),34(3)](P<0.001);在负性模糊情境中,高、低自闭特质组的积极解释频数差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。(2)模糊情境类型主效应结果表明:正性模糊情境下的积极解释频数显著高于负性模糊情境[33(4),23(9.25)](χ2=1348.50,P<0.001);自闭特质水平和模糊情境类型的交互作用结果表明:高、低自闭特质组在正性模糊情境下的积极解释频数[33(4),34(3)]均大于负性模糊情境[22(10),24(9)](P<0.001)。(3)自我/他人相关条件的主效应结果表明:熟悉他人条件的积极解释频数[19(4)]显著高于自我相关条件[19(5)]和陌生他人条件[19(5)](χ2=9.51,P<0.01),自我相关条件和陌生他人条件的积极解释频数差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。模糊情境类型和自我/他人相关条件的交互作用结果表明:在正性模糊情境中,熟悉他人条件的积极解释频数大于自我相关条件(P<0.01);在负性模糊情境中,不同自我/他人相关的积极解释频数差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:(1)高、低自闭特质的高中生对模糊情境倾向于表现出积极解释,正性模糊情境和熟人条件下的积极解释偏向更高。(2)高自闭特质个体相对于低自闭特质者对模糊情境做出的积极解释偏向较少,但这种差别主要表现在正性模糊情境下。(3)当处于负性模糊情境下,高、低自闭特质组产生的积极解释频数差异无统计学意义,并且具有跨自我和他人条件的一致性。

Objective To explore the changing characteristics of interpretive bias of senior high school students with different levels of autistic traits in ambiguous situations,and to investigate the consistency of interpretive bias across self/other relevant conditions.Methods A survey of 1080 senior high school students from a high school in Anhui province was conducted by using the autistic-spectrum quotient(AQ).According to the criteria of high scores and low scores of 27%,the subjects in the high autistic trait group(n=266)and the low autistic trait group(n=266)were selected.The ambiguous situation paradigm was used to measure the frequency of positive interpretation of ambiguous information by two groups of subjects under the conditions of self and others,SPSS 26.0 was used for descriptive statistics,and jamovi 2.2.3 was used for generalized linear mixed model analysis.Results(1)The results of the between-group effects at the level of autistic traits indicated that the frequency of positive interpretations in the high autistic group was significantly lower than that in the low autistic group(54.5(11.8),57(11.8))(χ^(2)=13.99,P<0.001).The results of the interaction between level of autistic traits and type of ambiguous situation indicated that in the positive ambiguous situation,the frequency of positive interpretations in the high autistic group was smaller than that in the low autistic group(33(4),34(3))(P<0.001).There was no significant differences in the number of positive interpretations between high autistic group and low autistic group in negtive ambiguous situation(P>0.05).(2)The results of the main effects of the ambiguous situation types indicated that the frequency of positive interpretations in positive ambiguous situations was significantly higher than that in negative ambiguous situations(33(4),23(9.25))(χ^(2)=1348.50,P<0.001).The results of the interaction between level of autistic traits and type of ambiguous situation indicated that the frequency of positive interpretations in positive ambiguous situations(33(4),34(3))in both high and low autistic groups was larger than that in negative ambiguous situations(22(10),24(9))(P<0.001).(3)The main effects results for the self/other related conditions suggested that the frequency of positive interpretations of familiarity with others(19(4))was significantly higher than that of self-related conditions(19(5))and strangers(19(5))(χ^(2)=9.51,P<0.01),and there was no significant difference between self-related conditions and strangers(P>0.05).The results of the interaction between ambiguous situation type and self/other related conditions suggested that in the positive ambiguous situation,the frequency of positive interpretations of familiarity with other people's conditions was greater than that of self-related conditions(P<0.01),and in the negative ambiguous situations,there was no significant difference in the frequency of positive interpretations related to different self/others(P>0.05).Conclusions(1)High school students with high and low autistic traits are more inclined to show positive interpretations in the ambiguous situations,and it higher under the condition of positive ambiguous situations and acquaintances.(2)Compared with those with low autistic traits,individuals with high autistic traits tend to give less positive interpretations to ambiguous situations,but this difference is mainly manifested in positive ambiguous situations.(3)In the negative ambiguous situation,there is no significant difference in number of positive interpretations produced by senior high school students with high and low autistic traits,and they are stable across self and other related conditions.