贵州省全民所有自然资源资产管理的实践、问题及对策—基于所有者视角探讨

Practices,Problems and Suggestions Regarding the Management of State-owned Natural Resource Assets in Guizhou Province—From the Perspective of the Owner

完善全民所有自然资源资产管理体制是我国生态文明体制改革的重要内容,对于促进自然资源的保护、切实维护自然资源资产所有者的权益具有重要的现实意义。贵州省是我国首批生态文明试验区,本文采用实地调研法和文献研究法获取了贵州省已开展的关于全民所有自然资源资产管理工作的材料与数据,系统分析和梳理了贵州省在自然资源资产管理方面的实践经验;在此基础上揭示了贵州省在自然资源资产管理方面仍存在的问题(如:自然资源资产底数不清、产权主体不明确、产权归属不清晰、收益制度有待进一步改善等)。针对以上问题,我们根据贵州省的实际情况,提出了有效维护贵州省全民所有自然资源资产所有者权益的对策与建议,具体包括:建立清查统计制度,完成全面清查工作;构建评估核算制度,探索生态产品价值实现机制;构建委托代理制度,明确资产管理清单和代理制度;健全收益管理制度,规范资产收益管理;完善资产配置制度,提高资源配置效率。以期为贵州省加强和推进全民所有自然资源资产管理工作提供借鉴与参考。

Improving the management system of state-owned natural resource assets(SONRAs)plays an important role in the institutional reform of ecological civilization in China.It is of great significance for promoting the protection of natural resources and effectively safeguarding the owner’s equity in their SONRAs.Guizhou Province is one of the first ecological civilization pilot sites in China.In this study,we used field investigation methods and the method of historical documents to obtain materials and data about the management of SONRAs in Guizhou Province,and then systematically analyzed the practices in SONRAs management.On this basis,some remaining problems were identified,such as the uncertainty regarding the amount of SONRAs,poorly-defined ownership of property rights and an imperfect revenue system.In response to these problems,countermeasures and suggestions are proposed for the effective maintenance of the owner’s equity in their SONRAs,including establishing an inventory and statistics system to complete the task of comprehensive inventory,establishing an evaluation and accounting system and exploring the path for value realization of ecological products,establishing the principal-agent system and figuring out the asset management listing and agency system,perfecting the income management system to standardize asset income management and improving the asset allocation system to promote the efficiency of resource allocation.The results of this study will provide a reference for strengthening and improving the management of SONRAs in Guizhou Province.