激光清洗技术规模化应用发展现状(特邀)

Development status of large-scale application of laser cleaning technology(invited)

随着我国工业不断地转型升级,对工业清洗的质量、效率、服务也提出了更高的要求,传统清洗方式因其高污染、高能耗等缺陷已无法满足工业领域的应用需要。而激光清洗作为一种绿色、环保、无损的新型清洗方式,迅速成为工业清洗领域的热点技术。文中梳理了三种典型的激光清洗方法,总结了激光清洗相关的机理。同时,阐述了面向航天航空、船舶建造、轨道交通等领域开展的激光清洗应用进展。根据近年来国内外院校和企业在激光清洗系统、设备方面的科技成果,提出国内激光清洗推广应用所面临的瓶颈,展望了激光清洗技术在未来的发展方向。

With the continuous transformation and upgrading of China’s industry, higher requirements have been put forward for the quality, efficiency and service of industrial cleaning. The traditional cleaning methods cannot meet the application needs of industrial fields due to its high pollution, high energy consumption and other defects. As a green, environmentally friendly and non-destructive new cleaning method, laser cleaning has rapidly become a hotspot technology in the field of industrial cleaning. This paper presents three typical laser cleaning methods and summarizes the relevant mechanism of laser cleaning. At the same time, the application progress of laser cleaning in aerospace, shipbuilding, rail transit and other fields is also stated. According to the scientific and technological achievements of the enterprises and institutions of higher learning in laser cleaning systems and equipment at home and abroad in recent years, the difficulties in the promotion and application of laser cleaning in China are put forward, and the development direction of laser cleaning technology in the future is prospected.