长江上游森林生态资源格局与变化研究进展

Research Progress on Forest Ecological Resource Pattern and Change in The Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River

长江上游是中国关键的生态区域和长江流域生态安全的重要屏障。长江上游生态系统类型多样,森林生态系统是长江上游生态系统的主体,充分了解和认识森林生态系统有助于长江上游森林生态资源的保护。总结近年来长江上游森林生态资源的分布与变化情况,得出以下结论:(1)长江上游森林生态资源丰富,分布范围广泛。分布有常绿阔叶林、落叶阔叶林、常绿-落叶阔叶混交林、针阔混交林、针叶林和灌木林等多种类型的森林。(2)历史时期以来,在人类活动的影响下,长江上游森林生态资源不断退化,随着“退耕还林”“自然森林保护计划”“长江上游防护林工程”“天然林保护工程”等计划、工程的实施,长江上游森林生态资源退化的趋势得以遏制,森林面积不断扩大。(3)长江上游森林变化的主要驱动力为人类活动,气候变化的影响程度没有人类活动的影响程度大。

The Yangtze River basin is a key ecological area and an important barrier of ecological security in China. There are various ecosystem types in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River, and the forest ecosystem is the main part of the ecosystem in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River. It is helpful to fully recognize the forest ecosystem in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River to protect the forest ecological resources. Summarize the distribution and changes of forest ecological resources in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River in recent years, and reach the following conclusions.(1) The forest ecological resources in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River are abundant and widely distributed. The distribution of evergreen broad-leaved forest, deciduous broad-leaved forest, evergreen-deciduous broad-leaved mixed forest, coniferous forest and copse forest and other types of forest.(2) Since the historical period, under the influence of human activity, regress to the upper Yangtze river forest ecological resources, With the implementation of such plans and projects as “conversion of farmland to forest”, “natural forest protection plan”, “protection forest project in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River” and “natural forest protection project”, the degradation trend of forest ecological resources in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River has been curbed, and the forest area has been expanding.(3) The main driving force of forest change in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River is human activities, and the impact of climate change is not as great as that of human activities.