基于需求导向的国际中文教育课程体系建构与学科保障研究

Research on the Demand-oriented Curriculum System Construction and Discipline Guarantee of International Chinese Education

关于国际中文教育学科的知识体系建构,更多关注的是中国语言文学和教育学学科,没有充分认识到在面向国际学生,尤其汉语零起点、非学历国际学生开展汉语教学时外语所发挥的至关重要作用;就中国语言文学学科知识而言,更多关注的也只是中国语言教学,没有给予中国文学教学以足够重视,这容易导致人才培养与社会需求之间的脱节。国际中文教育学科的课程体系建构应充分考虑国际学生的教学需求——基于非学历国际学生的教学需求,国际中文教育本科、硕士学习阶段应强化外语教学,尤其是本科学习阶段,应将第二外语列为专业基础(必修)课程,并保证学时达到专业基础(必修)课程的三分之一左右;基于本科及以上层次国际学生的教学需求,国际中文教育博士学习阶段应加强中国文学和中国学相关知识的教学,并保证中国文学教学类课程学时达到专业必修课程的三分之一左右。外国语言文学理应成为国际中文教育的主干学科,国际中国文学教育是国际中文教育的应有之义。发展国际中文教育不仅要加强中国语言文学学科建设,还应加强外国语言文学学科建设;不仅应加强中国语言教学,还应加强中国文学教学。

As for the knowledge system construction of international Chinese language education,more attention is paid to the discipline of Chinese language and literature and pedagogy.It is not fully recognized that foreign languages play an important role in teaching Chinese to international students,especially international students with zero foundation and non academic qualifications.As far as the knowledge of Chinese language and literature is concerned,more attention is paid to the teaching of Chinese language,while insufficient attention is paid to the teaching of Chinese literature,which tends to lead to the disconnection between talent training and social needs.The curriculum system construction of international Chinese education should fully consider the needs of international students.Based on the teaching needs of non-academic international students,foreign language teaching should be strengthened in the undergraduate and master study stages of international Chinese education,especially in the undergraduate study stage.The second foreign language should be listed as a professional basic(compulsory)course,and ensure that the class hours reach about one-third of the professional basic(compulsory)courses.Based on the teaching needs of international students at undergraduate level and above,the teaching of Chinese literature and Chinese studies should be strengthened at the doctoral study stage of international Chinese education,and the class hours of Chinese literature should reach about one-third of the professional compulsory courses.Foreign language and literature should be the main subject of international Chinese education,and international Chinese literature education should be an inherent part of international Chinese education.To develop international Chinese education,we should not only strengthen the discipline construction of Chinese language and literature,but also strengthen the discipline construction of foreign language and literature.We should not only strengthen the teaching of Chinese language,but also strengthen the teaching of Chinese literature.