贵州不同生态区密度对春玉米干物质积累、转运及产量的影响

Effect of Density on Dry Matter Accumulation,Transportation and Yield of Spring Maize in Different Ecological Regions in Guizhou

采用裂区设计,以5个春玉米品种为材料,设置3个种植密度,研究密度对各生态区春玉米干物质积累、转运和产量的影响及其相互关系。结果表明,密度与群体干物质积累量呈二次曲线关系,密度在9.11万株/hm2时积累量达最大值;各生态区总干物质积累量差异显著,其中威宁点最大,兴仁点最小。春玉米干物质总积累量与产量呈极显著正相关,叶片和子粒分配比例及对子粒贡献率与产量均呈显著正相关。密度与产量呈二次曲线关系,平均密度在8.86万株/hm^(2)时产量最大,为11844.22 kg/hm^(2);密度每增加1万株/hm^(2),有效穗数平均增加0.7万株,穗粒数降低20粒,千粒重降低14 g。各生态区产量表现为威宁>毕节>铜仁>安顺>兴仁。

To find out the suitable planting density of spring maize in different ecological regions in Guizhou.In the five maize sub-regions of Guizhou,the split-zone design was adopted,with five spring maize varieties as ma⁃terials,and three planting densities were set up to study the influence of density on the dry matter accumulation,dis⁃tribution,transportation and yield of spring maize in each sub-region.The results showed that the relationship be⁃tween density and population dry matter accumulation is a quadratic curve,that is,the accumulation reaches the maximum when the density is 91100 plants/ha;the total dry matter accumulation of each ecological area is signifi⁃cantly different,of which Weining point is the largest,Xingren point the smallest.The total dry matter accumulation of spring maize was significantly positively correlated with yield,and the distribution ratio of leaves and grains and the contribution rate to grains were significantly positively correlated with yield.The relationship between density and yield is a quadratic curve.When the average density is 88600 plants/ha,the yield is the largest,which is 11844.22 kg;for every increase of 10000 plants/ha in density,the number of effective panicles will increase by an average of 7000 plants.The number of grains decreased by 20 grains,and the thousand-grain weight decreased by 14g;the yield performance of each ecological area was Weining>Bijie>Tongren>Anshun>Xingren.