摘要
在内蒙古通辽市辽河镇浅埋滴灌水肥一体化条件下,以DK159为研究对象,设置6.0万株/hm^(2)(D1,CK,农民常规种植密度)和9.0万株/hm^(2)(D2)两种种植密度处理和45 mm(I45)、90 mm(I90)、180 mm(I180)、270 mm(I270)、360 mm(I360)、450 mm(I450,CK,农民常规灌溉量)6个灌溉量水平,研究种植密度和灌溉量对玉米产量和水分利用效率(WUE)的影响。结果表明,9.0万株/hm^(2)密度下在360 mm的灌溉量下获得最高产量和较高的WUE;6.0万株/hm2密度下在270 mm的灌溉量下获得最高产量和较高WUE。与传统生产方式(D1-I450处理)相比,D1-I270处理的产量无显著降低,灌溉量降低40.0%,蒸散量减少19.7%,WUE提高25.1%;D2-I360较传统生产方式(D1-I450处理)相比,产量增加20.5%,蒸散量减少7.9%,WUE提高30.9%。在滴灌水肥一体化条件下,适当增加种植密度可以显著提高玉米的产量和水分生产效率。
Under the integration of water and fertilizer under shallow subsurface drip irrigation in Liaohe town,Tongliao city,Inner Mongolia,DK159 was taken as the research subject and 60000 plants/ha(D1,CK,Farmers'con⁃ventional planting density)and 90000 plants/ha(D2)and 45 mm(I45),90 mm(I90),180 mm(I180),270 mm(I270),360 mm(I360),450 mm(I450,CK),the effects of planting density and irrigation amount on maize yield and water use efficiency(WUE)were studied at 6 irrigation levels.The results showed that under the irrigation amount of 360 mm,the high⁃est yield and the higher WUE were obtained.The highest yield and the higher WUE were obtained from 60000 plants/ha under 270 mm irrigation.Compared with conventional treatment(D1-I450),the yield of treatment of D1-I270 was not significantly decreased,while the irrigation amount was decreased by 40.0%,evapotranspiration was de⁃creased by 19.7%,and WUE was increased by 25.1%.Compared with the traditional production method(D1-I450),treatment of D2-I360 can increase the yield by 20.5%,reduce evapotranspiration by 7.9%and increase WUE by 30.9%.To conclusion,under the condition of water and fertilizer integration under drip irrigation,increasing plant⁃ing density can significantly improve maize yield and water production efficiency.
作者
张明达
张国强
王克如
谢瑞芝
侯鹏
明博
薛军
李少昆
ZHANG Ming-da;ZHANG Guo-qiang;WANG Ke-ru;XIE Rui-zhi;HOU Peng;MING Bo;XUE Jun;LI Shao-kun(College of Agronomy,Ningxia University,Yinchuan 750021;Institute of Crop Science,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology and Ecology,Ministry of Agriculture,Beijing 100081,China)
出处
《玉米科学》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第1期116-125,共10页
Journal of Maize Sciences
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(M2142005)
中国农业科学院科技创新工程(CAAS-ZDRW202004)。
关键词
玉米
灌溉量
水肥一体化
产量
水分利用效率
Maize
Irrigation amount
Integrated water and fertilizer
Yield
Water use efficiency