闭合性血气胸动物模型制备与评价

Preparation and evaluation of animal model of closed hemophomothorax

目的建立闭合性血气胸动物模型,为闭合性血气胸救治实战化训练及考核提供可靠的动物模型。方法选取14头4~6个月龄健康长白猪为研究对象。将实验猪随机分为对照组与实验组,每组各7头。两组造模方法相同。对照组造模后不给予救治措施干预,实验组造模后由7名受训人员行胸腔闭式引流。记录并比较两组实验猪造模后各项生命体征。记录实验组受训人员行胸腔闭式引流术完成情况。设计一种新的战伤动物模型评价方法用以评价血气胸模型,指标采用百分制评分,记录受训人员对闭合性血气胸动物模型的评分。结果对照组术后呼吸速率、脉搏频率高于实验组,动脉血氧分压低于实验组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。7名受训人员的胸腔闭式引流时间最短为12 min,最长为35 min,平均(23.9±7.1)min;引流效果评估最低5分,最高10分,平均(7.9±1.8)分。实验组中,受训人员对动物模型的伤情真实感、模型标准化、造模时间、模型参数、麻醉与伦理、模型推广性、训练效果7个方面给予动物模型评价较好(平均分>7分);对造模时间、造模工具、考核要素3个方面评价一般(平均分5~7分)。结论成功建立闭合性血气胸动物模型,能够满足闭合性血气胸救治实战化训练和考核需求。

Objective To establish the animal model of closed hempneumothorax,and provide a reliable animal model for the practical training and assessment of the treatment of closed hempneumothorax.Methods A total of 14 healthy landrace pigs aged 4 to 6 months were selected as the study subjects.The experimental pigs were randomly divided into control group and experimental group,with 7 pigs in each group.The two groups were molded in the same way.The control group was not given the treatment measures after modeling,and the experimental group was given the closed thoracic drainage by 7 trainees after modeling.The vital signs of the two groups of pigs were recorded and compared after modeling.The completion of thoracic closed drainage was recorded in the experimental group.A new evaluation method of animal model of war wound was designed to evaluate the model of hemophothorax.The index was scored by the percentage system,and the score of the trainees on the closed hemophothorax animal model was recorded.Results The postoperative respiratory rate and pulse frequency of the control group were higher than those of the experimental group,while the partial oxygen pressure of arterial blood was lower than that of the experimental group,with statistical significance(P<0.05).The shortest time of closed thoracic drainage was 12 minutes,the longest was 35 minutes,and the average time was(23.9±7.1)minutes.The lowest score was 5,the highest was 10,and the average score was(7.9±1.8).In the experimental group,the trainees evaluated the animal model well(average score>7 points)in seven aspects:realistic sense of injury,model standardization,modeling time,model parameters,anesthesia and ethics,model extensibility,and training effect.The three aspects of molding time,molding tools and assessment elements were generally evaluated(average score:5-7).Conclusion The successful establishment of animal model of closed pneumothorax can meet the needs of actual combat training and assessment of closed pneumothorax treatment.