美日经济安全同盟:构建“集体韧性”体系

The U.S.-Japan Economic Security Alliance:Building a System of Collective Resilience

在对华“脱钩”政策难以奏效的情况下,美国开始推进“集体韧性”战略,即纠集所谓的志同道合国家构筑排除中国的技术联盟和供应链联盟。日本在这一新的联盟网络中处于关键地位。美日两国在出口管制、外资审查、半导体制造、移动通信网络和数字贸易规则等一系列经济安全政策领域启动了双边及多边合作,迈出了走向经济安全同盟的步伐。但美国的政策服务于本国优先的国内政治和遏制中国的地缘战略,与日本等盟友的立场存在分歧。日本则试图在美国与中国之间、在安全与经济之间保持平衡。面对经济安全政策、经济民族主义和经济全球化这三股相互竞争的潮流,美日两国都提升了经济安全的重要性,有可能形成“联手制华”的格局。对此,中国应坚持竞争与合作并重的战略方向,在加强自身竞争力和韧性的同时,深化产业链供应链的国际合作。

Realizing the infeasibility of decoupling from China,the United States is advancing a strategy of collective resilience,aligning with the socalled like-minded countries to forge technological and supply chain coalitions that exclude China.Japan is placed in a crucial position in this new network of coalitions.The United States and Japan are forging an economic security alliance by promoting bilateral and multilateral cooperation in areas such as export control,investment screening,semiconductor manufacturing,mobile communication network,and digital trade rules.However,the United States prioritizes a domestic policy of"America-first"and a geostrategy of containing China,which diverges from the interests of Japan and other allies.Japan seeks to strike balances between America and China,and between security and economy.Among the three competing trends of economic security,economic nationalism,and economic globalization,both the United States and Japan have raised the importance of economic security,and are aligning with each other against China.Facing such challenges,China should maintain a strategic direction that values both competition and cooperation,making efforts to strengthen its own competitiveness and resilience,and in the meantime to deepen international supply chain collaboration.