兔隈明处弄精神:《说文解字》兔文化意识谫论

The Clever Rabbit is very Energetic:Preliminary Study on the Cultural Consciousness of Rabbit in Shuowen-Jiezi

兔子起源古老,是人类最早驯化的动物之一,因其无与伦比的生命力、繁殖力、亲和力被中华先民喜闻乐见,并演绎成为一种重要的生肖动物和文化符号。《说文》作为中国最早的字书,乃忠实记录亘古以来汉字文化之重要里程碑,故以《说文》兔类字为考察对象,从物竞天择、狩猎文化、万物有灵等三大维度集中剖阐中华先民的兔文化意识,证实兔对炎黄子孙具有独特隽永的生命哲思,丰富了国民的美食认知,尤为重要的是,在万物有灵的文化熏陶下,兔跃升为月神受到万众膜拜,其遗泽至今方兴未艾。

Rabbit,originated from ancient times,is one of the earliest domesticated animals.Because of its incomparable vitality,fecundity and affinity,the rabbit was welcomed by the Chinese ancestors,which has become an important zodiac animal and cultural symbol.As the earliest character book in China,Shuowen-Jiezi is an important milestone of faithfully recording the culture of Chinese characters since ancient times.This paper focuses on the rabbit cultural consciousness of the Chinese ancestors from the perspectives of natural selection,hunting culture and animism.It proves that the rabbit has a unique and meaningful philosophy of life on the Descendants of Yan and Huang,which enriches the Chinese people′s knowledge of food.Most importantly,under the influence of animism,the rabbit rose to be worshipped as the god of the moon,whose legacy is still in the ascendant.