传统节日公共性的现代传承——以福建潋城村端午节为例

Passing on the Publicity of Traditional Festivals in Modern Society:A Case Study of the Dragon Boat Festival in Liancheng Village,Fujian Province

元宵节、端午节等传统节日不仅是家庭节日,也常以家族、社区为单位组织活动,具有一定的公共性。这种公共性可以有效地建构集体认同,增进社会网络稠密性,提升社会资本存量,对于乡村团结与发展有着重要意义。在现代社会,传统节日文化传承面临多重危机,尤其是传统节日的公共性严重萎缩。从福建省潋城村端午节当代状况来看,在现代社会,传统节日“公共性”不仅可以传承,而且可以实现创造性转化、创新性发展。其关键机制在于,一方面要不断讲述传说,再造传统,模塑集体记忆;另一方面,传统节日的现代节庆形式要重视民间组织民俗的传承,尽可能激发民众的主体意识、参与意识。

Traditional festivals such as the Lantern Festival and the Dragon Boat Festival are not only family festivals,but also events organized by clans and communities so that they have certain publicity.This publicity can effectively construct collective identity,enhance the density of social networks,and increase social capital,which is of great significance for rural unity and development.In modern society,the heritage of traditional festival culture is facing multiple crises,especially the publicity of traditional festivals is declining seriously.According to the current situation of the Dragon Boat Festival in Liancheng Village,Fujian Province,the publicity of traditional festivals can not only be inherited,but also be creatively transformed and developed in modern society.The key mechanism is,on the one hand,to constantly tell the legend,reconstruct the tradition and influence the form of collective memory.On the other hand,the modern form of traditional festivals should attach importance to the inheritance of the tradition that events are organized by folk organizations,and stimulate people’s consciousness of subjectivity and participation as much as possible.